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South Africa's Hidden War: Histories of Sexual Violence from Apartheid to the Present

南非的隐秘战争：从种族隔离至今的性暴力历史

基本信息

批准号：
MR/S033718/1
负责人：
Emily Bridger
金额：
$ 69.78万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FS033718%2F1
关键词：
South Africa Hidden War Histories

项目摘要

Today, South Africa has the highest rate of sexual violence for any country not at war, with an estimated one in three women raped in their lifetime. Despite public outcry and new policy initiatives, understandings of South Africa's rape crisis remain limited due to two main factors: a failure to understand the history sexual violence across the apartheid and post-apartheid periods; and the neglect of women's own voices in research or policy. Addressing these limitations, this project will be the first to historicise sexual violence in South Africa from 1948 to the present. It will do so through an innovative focus on those most affected by this violence yet currently most neglected in research: women and girls. It will explore how African women have conceptualised, experienced, and sought justice against the ubiquitous violence that shapes their day-to-day lives, highlighting how experiences of sexual violence developed and changed over the apartheid and post-apartheid periods. In doing so it will reframe historical and contemporary understandings of sexual violence on a global scale by encouraging a greater emphasis on women's voices and promoting new methodologies for accessing, sharing and incorporating such marginalised voices into research and policy. This project will develop a new multi-disciplinary methodology for studying histories of sexual violence, involving substantial collaboration with local NGOs. By crossing discipline and sectoral boundaries, it will overcome many of the challenges researchers have met in the past. This approach includes oral history and archival research, as well as focus groups with African women from the country's townships. These will be hosted in collaboration with the project partner, the Khulumani Support Group - an organisation committed to helping women voice and seek support for their experiences of sexual violence. These workshops will be conducted in local languages and co-run by women with longstanding reputations in township communities. The project will also work in collaboration with other NGOs in South Africa, including the One in Nine Campaign, Sonke Gender Justice, and the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation. These collaborations will aid both the research and its future impacts. The focus groups will be beneficial to township women, providing them with a safe space to express a range of experiences and understandings, and giving voice to their needs and demands. Khulumani will also benefit from this research by progressing their new project in empowering women against violence, raising their international profile, and fostering new understandings of the historical roots of women's current vulnerabilities. These impacts will be ensured through the co-creation of best-practice documents, policy briefings, and workshops that will highlight how current development initiatives can best understand and learn from women's own experiences of sexual violence. Public engagement with broader audiences will take place through media dissemination and the digitised archive. Addressing the shortcomings of existing research on sexual violence in South Africa is a matter of urgency in order to recognise the historical developments of the current rape crisis over time, and to incorporate women's own voices into scholarship and development practice. By taking a historical approach and asking questions about women's experiences of violence over time, this project will foster more historically and culturally specific understandings of rape in South Africa - knowledge essential for tackling the country's current crisis in effective ways. In doing so, it will bridge the divides between research, NGOs, and policy makers that have previously hampered attempts to understand or address sexual violence, and highlight the importance of using interdisciplinary methodologies to deliver the UK's development priority of tackling violence against women and girls.

今天，南非的性暴力发生率是没有战争的国家中最高的，据估计，每三名女性中就有一人在一生中被强奸。尽管公众强烈抗议，并采取了新的政策举措，但由于两个主要因素，人们对南非强奸危机的了解仍然有限：未能理解种族隔离时期和种族隔离后时期的性暴力的历史；在研究或政策方面忽视妇女自己的声音。为了解决这些限制，这个项目将是第一个记录南非从1948年到现在的性暴力的项目。它将通过创新地关注受这一暴力影响最大但目前在研究中最被忽视的那些人：妇女和女孩来做到这一点。它将探索非洲妇女如何对塑造其日常生活的无处不在的暴力进行概念化、经验化和寻求正义，强调性暴力的经历是如何在种族隔离和后种族隔离时期发展和变化的。在这样做的过程中，它将通过鼓励更加重视妇女的声音并促进新的方法来获取、分享这种被边缘化的声音并将其纳入研究和政策，从而在全球范围内重新构筑对性暴力的历史和当代理解。该项目将开发一种新的多学科方法来研究性暴力的历史，涉及与当地非政府组织的大量合作。通过跨越学科和部门边界，它将克服研究人员过去遇到的许多挑战。这一方法包括口述历史和档案研究，以及与来自该国各城镇的非洲妇女的重点小组。这些活动将与项目合作伙伴Khulumani Support Group合作主办，Khulumani Support Group是一个致力于帮助妇女发声并寻求对她们性暴力经历的支持的组织。这些讲习班将以当地语言进行，并由在乡镇社区享有长期声誉的妇女共同举办。该项目还将与南非的其他非政府组织合作，包括九进运动、Sonke性别正义和暴力与和解研究中心。这些合作将有助于这项研究及其未来的影响。焦点小组将有利于乡镇妇女，为她们提供一个安全的空间，表达一系列经验和理解，并表达她们的需求和要求。库鲁马尼还将从这项研究中受益，他们在增强妇女免受暴力侵害方面的新项目取得了进展，提高了她们的国际形象，并促进了对妇女当前脆弱性的历史根源的新理解。将通过共同创建最佳做法文件、政策简报和讲习班来确保这些影响，这些最佳做法文件、政策简报和讲习班将突出说明当前的发展举措如何能够最好地理解和借鉴妇女自身的性暴力经历。将通过媒体传播和数字化档案与更广泛的受众进行公众参与。解决南非现有性暴力研究的不足是当务之急，以便认识到当前强奸危机随着时间的推移的历史发展，并将妇女自己的声音纳入学术和发展实践。通过采用历史方法并询问妇女随时间推移的暴力经历，该项目将促进对南非强奸的更多历史和文化上的具体理解--这些知识对于以有效方式应对该国当前的危机至关重要。通过这样做，它将弥合研究、非政府组织和政策制定者之间的分歧，这些分歧以前阻碍了理解或处理性暴力的努力，并强调了使用跨学科方法来实现英国解决暴力侵害妇女和女孩问题的发展优先事项的重要性。