LANGUAGE INFORMATION PROCESSING

语言信息处理

• 批准号: 6397115
• 负责人: ELIZABETH A BATES
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-05-01 至 2000-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6397115
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; child psychology; clinical research; comprehension; human subject; language development; language disorders; middle childhood (6-11); neural information processing; nonEnglish language; preschool child (1-5); psycholinguistics; psychomotor reaction time; semantics; speech; speech recognition; stimulus /response; visual stimulus

"On-line" methods provide insights into the time course of language processing. Project 4 proposes a series of on-line experiments to investigate the temporal microstructure of auditory language processing in normally developing children, under normal processing conditions and under abnormal conditions designed to stimulate the processing deficits hypothesized to underlie some forms of developmental language impairment (i.e., perceptual degradation, to stimulate processing with a deficient perceptual mechanism; compressed speech, to simulate deficits in temporal integration). We will document developmental changes in real-time word and sentence processing across the period from 5 years to adolescence, and compare those results with the processing profiles observed in our clinical populations. Experiments will focus on different tasks and sentence processing across the period from 5 years to adolescence, and compare those results with the processing profiles observed in our clinical populations. Experiments will focus on different tasks and modalities, including (1) sentence interpretation, using stimuli that vary in syntactic complexity and in the point in time at which the listener can make an unambiguous interpretation; (2) grammaticality judgment, focusing on developmental changes in accuracy and reaction time to violations of grammatical morphology, an area that is known to be particularly vulnerable in children with developmental language disorders; (3) word comprehension, in and out of a sentence context, looking at the amount of phonetic information that children of different ages need in order to recognize and repeat a target word, and at developmental changes in the facilitative and/or inhibitory contributions of sentential context on accuracy and reaction time; (4) word production, in and out of a sentence context, looking at developmental changes in the relative contribution of semantic and phonetic cues to accuracy, word onset latency and word duration in a picture-naming task. In collaboration with the other projects in the Center, we will compare the temporal processing profiles that emerge in our "on-line" tasks with performance by children in "off-line" measures of language ability (with Dr. Reilly, 'on-line' processing of nonlinguistic stimuli (with Dr. Stiles), and electrophysiological studies of real-time language processing (with Miles). Finally, we will conduct pilot studies of lexical and grammatical processing in children who are acquiring Italian, a richly inflected language that permits a more detailed examination of developmental changes in real-time processing of grammatical morphology, an area of language that is known to be particularly vulnerable in populations of children and adults with language disorders.

“在线”方法提供了对语言时间进程的洞察力 处理. 项目4提出了一系列在线实验， 研究听觉语言处理的时间微观结构， 正常发育的儿童，在正常加工条件下， 旨在刺激加工缺陷的异常条件 假设是某些形式的发展性语言障碍的基础， (i.e.,知觉退化，以刺激有缺陷的处理 感知机制;压缩语音，以模拟时间上的缺陷 整合）。 我们将在实时Word中记录发展变化， 从5岁到青春期的句子处理， 将这些结果与我们的临床研究中观察到的处理概况进行比较， 人口。 实验将侧重于不同的任务和句子 从5岁到青春期的过程，并比较这些 在我们的临床人群中观察到的处理特征的结果。 实验将集中在不同的任务和模式，包括（1） 句子解释，使用句法复杂度不同的刺激 在听众可以明确地 （2）语法判断，侧重于发展性 对违反语法规则的准确性和反应时间的变化 形态学，这是一个众所周知的领域，特别是脆弱的儿童 有发展性语言障碍;（3）单词理解， 一个句子的上下文，看看语音信息的数量， 不同年龄段的儿童需要识别和重复目标， 词，以及促进和/或抑制的发展变化 （4）词对反应时的影响 在句子语境中和句子语境之外， 语义和语音线索相对贡献的变化， 准确性，单词起始潜伏期和单词持续时间在图片命名任务。 与中心的其他项目合作，我们将比较 在我们的“在线”任务中出现的时间处理概况， 儿童在“离线”语言能力测量中的表现（ 博士Reilly，“在线”处理非语言刺激（与Dr。 Stiles），以及实时语言处理的电生理学研究 (with Miles）。 最后，我们将进行词汇和 语法处理的儿童谁是获得意大利语，丰富的 允许更详细地检查的屈折变化的语言 语法形态实时处理的发展变化， 一种在人群中特别容易受到伤害的语言 有语言障碍的儿童和成人。