FUNCTION OF GNRH IN NASAL GLANDS

描述：(改编自《调查者摘要》)含有 性激素促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)存在于鼻腔中 沿着终神经的空洞。私家侦探有初步证据表明 终末神经将促性腺激素释放激素分泌到鼻腔调节化学感觉 转导过程。在人类身上，促性腺激素释放激素鼻腔喷雾剂正在进行测试，以治疗 许多疾病和障碍，包括癌症、子宫内膜异位症和 不孕不育。这些治疗对化学接收的可能副作用有 没有被确认身份。为矫正结构缺陷而进行的鼻部手术 可能会扰乱含GnRH的神经。干预的临床意义 是否有促性腺激素释放激素投射到鼻部结构尚不清楚。有了更好的基础 了解GnRH在鼻腔中的功能，我们可以更好地预测 其中一些临床操作可能会影响化学感觉功能和/或 它对生殖的相应影响。 这项研究的长期目标是：1)了解GnRH如何 与鼻部化学感觉系统相互作用，2)了解导致 鼻腔释放促性腺激素释放激素；3)确定促性腺激素释放激素的临床意义。 干扰鼻腔促性腺激素释放激素系统。这项研究提案的主要目的是 是在鼻腔中识别GnRH进入GnRH的途径 感受器。 PI的初步证据表明，GnRH受体存在于 化学感受性神经元的树突。然而，神经的GnRH突起 终末仅延伸至固有层。与紧密的连接处分开 下层固有层上皮的表面，它是 GnRH不太可能扩散到上皮表面。这个机制是通过 哪种促性腺激素释放激素进入嗅树突上的促性腺激素释放激素受体 将由这项研究决定。公安局的初步证据表明 GnRH通过鼻腺粘液进入化学感觉树突。 哺乳动物和两栖动物的鼻腺和覆盖的粘液是 GnRH免疫阳性。鼻腺细胞是合成GnRH还是摄取 来自局部终神经纤维的促性腺激素释放激素将通过原位检测 孵化后的杂交和定量放射自显影 外源性GnRH。将进行药理实验以 应用定量放射自显影技术研究鼻腺促性腺激素释放 孵育液的组织和放射分析。这些实验将 为该领域提供了对嗅觉的荷尔蒙调节的新见解。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract) Neurons containing the sex hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), are found in the nasal cavity along the nervus terminalis. The PI has preliminary evidence that the nervus terminalis secretes GnRH into the nasal cavity to modulate chemosensory transduction processes. In humans, GnRH nasal sprays are being tested to treat a number of diseases and disorders including cancers, endometriosis, and infertility. Possible side effects of these treatments on chemoreception have not been identified. Nasal surgeries performed to correct structural defects may disrupt the GnRH-containing nerve. The clinical significance of interfering with GnRH projections to nasal structures is not known. With a better basic understanding of GnRH function in the nasal cavity, we can better predict how some of these clinical manipulations may affect chemosensory functioning and/or its consequential effects on reproduction. The long-term objectives of this research are to 1) understand how GnRH interacts with the nasal chemosensory systems, 2) understand what factors cause intranasal GnRH release, and 3) determine the clinical significance of interfering with the nasal GnRH system. The main goal of this research proposal is to identify, in the nasal cavity, the route by which GnRH accesses the GnRH receptors. The PI's preliminary evidence suggests that GnRH receptors exist on the dendrites of chemoreceptive neurons. However, the GnRH processes of the nervus terminalis extend only into the lamina propria. With tight junctions separating the surface of the epithelium from the underlying lamina propria, it is unlikely that GnRH diffuses to the surface of the epithelium. The mechanism by which GnRH accesses the GnRH receptors on the olfactory dendritic processes will be determined by this research. The PI's preliminary evidence suggests that GnRH accesses the chemosensory dendrites via mucous from nasal glands. Nasal glands and the overlying mucous in mammals and amphibians are immunopositive for GnRH. Whether nasal gland cells synthesize GnRH or take up GnRH from local nervus terminalis fibers will be tested by performing in situ hybridization, and quantitative autoradiography following incubation in exogenous GnRH, respectively. Pharmacological experiments will be performed to study GnRH release from nasal glands using quantitative autoradiography of the tissue and radioassays of the incubating solutions. These experiments will provide the field with new insight into hormonal modulation of olfaction.