FOODBORNE NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES: ARE THEY INFECTIOUS?

描述（改编自应用程序） 本申请是根据RFA公告DK-00-005提交的， “食源性疾病、胃肠道和肾脏并发症。“一个新的程序 用于制定确定诺瓦克病毒感染性的策略， 其他诺瓦克样病毒被提出。诺瓦克样病毒是唯一的， 食源性疾病的最重要原因，但迄今为止， 确定这些病毒是否存在传染性。两种方法将是 使用诺瓦克病毒株进行研究，以确定这些病毒的感染性， 病毒：（1）开发了细胞内病毒培养的体外方法 培养和（2）开发生物传感方法，以允许快速 潜在传染性诺瓦克样病毒的检测。几个特点使 诺瓦克病毒，NLV的原型毒株，是一种有吸引力的候选病毒， 诺瓦克样病毒感染性的体外测量的发展：（i） 已确定对人类具有感染性的病毒储备液将 可用;（ii）检测完全或部分诺沃克的灵敏方法 已经开发了病毒复制，包括RT-PCR测定， 免疫荧光测定和原位RT-PCR测定;（iii）新鲜粪便样品 含有诺沃克病毒（来自人类实验感染研究）的 （iv）与高免疫力的动物 急性和恢复期人血清可用于中和 测定。最初使用诺沃克病毒开发的检测方法将在 其他诺瓦克样病毒也一样。从我们的研究中获得的结果 研究将产生关于诺沃克样复制的新知识， 并开发用于评估确定免疫相关性的系统 从感染和测量病毒活力后，暴露于不同的 环境条件

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the application) This application is submitted in response to RFA announcement DK-00-005, "Foodborne Illnesses, Gastrointestinal and Renal Complications." A new program for developing a strategy for determining the infectivity of Norwalk virus and other Norwalk-like viruses is proposed. Norwalk-like viruses are the single, most important cause of foodborne illness, but to date no system for determining the infectivity of these viruses exists. Two approaches will be pursued using the Norwalk virus strain to determine the infectivity of these viruses: (1) development of an in vitro method for virus cultivation in cell culture and (2) development of a biosensoring method to permit the rapid detection of potentially infectious Norwalk-like viruses. Several features make Norwalk virus, the prototype strain of NLVs, an attractive candidate to use in the development of in vitro measures of Norwalk-like virus infectivity: (i) virus stock for which infectivity in humans has been determined will be available; (ii) sensitive methods for detecting complete or partial Norwalk virus replication have been developed, including RT-PCR assay, immunofluorescence assays, and in situ-RT-PCR assays; (iii) fresh stool samples containing Norwalk virus (from human experimental infection studies) are expected to be available during the grant period; (iv) and hyperimmune animal and acute and convalescent human sera are available for use in neutralization assays. The assays developed initially using Norwalk virus will then be generalized to other Norwalk-like viruses. The results obtained from our studies will generate new knowledge about the replication of Norwalk-like viruses and develop systems for assessing determining correlates of immunity from infection and measuring virus viability after exposure to different environmental conditions.