Global Observatory of Lake Responses to Environmental Change (GloboLakes)

全球湖泊对环境变化反应的观测站 (GloboLakes)

• 批准号: NE/J021717/1
• 负责人: Stephen Maberly
• 金额: $ 48.24万
• 依托单位: NERC CEH (Up to 30.11.2019)
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ021717%2F1
• 关键词: Global; Observatory; Lake; Responses; Environmental

There are around 304 million lakes globally. These provide essential resources for human survival and are an important component of global biogeochemical cycles. Lakes are also fragile systems that are sensitive to multiple pressures including nutrient enrichment, climate change and hydrological modification, making them important 'sentinels' of environmental perturbation. However, traditional monitoring has only produced data from a tiny fraction of the global population of lakes and disentangling the causes of change requires consistently-produced data from a large number of lakes, along with measurements of possible causes of change. Satellite observations (remote sensing) and the establishment of a global lake observatory would produce a step-change in our ability to detect and attribute the causes of changes in lakes world-wide. This is now possible for three reasons: (1) the improved wavebands, spatial resolution and frequency of data collection from satellite sensors is now sufficient to monitor inland waters; (2) formulae to correct for atmospheric properties and to convert the detected reflected light to useful lake properties have been developed; and (3) computing power has increased to the point that allows near real time and archived information from satellites to be processed. GloboLakes will analyse 20 years of data from more than 1000 large lakes across the globe to determine 'what controls the differential sensitivity of lakes to environmental perturbation'. This is an ambitious project that is only possible by bringing together a consortium of scientists with complementary skills. These include expertise in remote sensing of freshwaters and processing large volumes of satellite images, collation and analysis of large-scale environmental data, environmental statistics and the assessment of data uncertainty, freshwater ecology and mechanisms of environmental change and the ability to produce lake models to forecast future lake conditions. The eight objectives of GloboLakes are to:(i) develop remote sensing algorithms to estimate lake biogeochemical and physical parameters;(ii) make these algorithms operational and process satellite data;(iii) compile integrated spatio-temporal information on climatic and catchment data for >1000 lakes;(iv) integrate data and assess uncertainty in data sources;(v) detect spatial and temporal patterns in lake water quality;(vi) attribute the causes of lake response to environmental conditions;(vii) forecast lake sensitivity to environmental change;(viii) apply data to lake management and the monitoring of freshwater resources.The project will focus on the retrieval of surface water temperature as this has a fundamental effect on lake ecology, the concentration of coloured dissolved organic matter and suspended solids that derive largely from the catchment, the abundance of phytoplankton measured as the concentration of the pigment, chlorophyll a, and the abundance of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) that can potentially be toxic. Knowledge of the conditions of lakes and their sensitivity to change is also extremely valuable for the management of lakes and reservoirs and GloboLakes will provide information and products specifically for environmental managers. A satellite due to be launched during the course of the project, called Sentinel 2, will provide even greater spatial resolution allowing data to be collected and exploited from even smaller lakes. This will be investigated by GloboLakes and incorporated into the framework of a global lake observatory.

全球约有3.04亿个湖泊。它们为人类生存提供了必要的资源，是全球地球化学循环的重要组成部分。湖泊也是脆弱的系统，对多种压力敏感，包括营养物富集，气候变化和水文变化，使它们成为环境扰动的重要“哨兵”。然而，传统的监测只产生了来自全球湖泊人口的一小部分的数据，解开变化的原因需要从大量的湖泊中一致产生的数据，沿着可能的变化原因的测量。卫星观测（遥感）和建立全球湖泊观测站将使我们探测和确定全世界湖泊变化原因的能力发生重大变化。这一点现在有可能实现，原因有三：（1）卫星传感器收集数据的波段、空间分辨率和频率得到改进，现在足以监测内陆沃茨;（2）已经开发出校正大气特性和将探测到的反射光转化为有用的湖泊特性的公式;以及（3）计算能力已经增加到允许处理来自卫星的接近真实的时间和存档信息的程度。GloboLakes将分析来自地球仪1000多个大型湖泊的20年数据，以确定“是什么控制了湖泊对环境扰动的不同敏感性”。这是一个雄心勃勃的项目，只有汇集一批具有互补技能的科学家才有可能。这包括淡水遥感和处理大量卫星图像方面的专门知识、大规模环境数据的整理和分析、环境统计和数据不确定性评估、淡水生态和环境变化机制以及制作湖泊模型以预测未来湖泊状况的能力。GloboLakes的八个目标是：（一）开发遥感算法，以估计湖泊的地球化学和物理参数;（二）使这些算法投入使用并处理卫星数据;（三）汇编关于超过1000个湖泊的气候和集水数据的综合时空信息;（四）综合数据并评估数据来源的不确定性;（五）检测湖泊水质的空间和时间模式;（vi）将湖泊响应的原因归因于环境条件;（vii）预测湖泊对环境变化的敏感性;（八）将数据应用于湖泊管理和淡水资源监测，该项目将侧重于恢复地表水温度，因为这对湖泊生态具有根本性影响，主要来自集水区的有色溶解有机物和悬浮固体的浓度、以色素和叶绿素a浓度衡量的浮游植物的丰度以及可能有毒的蓝细菌（蓝绿藻）的丰度。了解湖泊状况及其对变化的敏感性对于湖泊和水库的管理也极为重要，GloboLakes将专门为环境管理人员提供信息和产品。将在项目期间发射的一颗名为哨兵2号的卫星将提供更高的空间分辨率，从而能够从更小的湖泊收集和利用数据。GloboLakes将对此进行调查，并将其纳入全球湖泊观测站的框架。

项目成果

Adaptive smoothing to identify spatial structure in global lake ecological processes using satellite remote sensing data

利用卫星遥感数据进行自适应平滑识别全球湖泊生态过程的空间结构

• DOI: 10.1016/j.spasta.2022.100615
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Spatial Statistics
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Gong M

Satellite-derived multivariate world-wide lake physical variable timeseries for climate studies.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01889-z
• 发表时间: 2023-01-14
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC DATA
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Carrea, Laura;Cretaux, Jean-Francois;Liu, Xiaohan;Wu, Yuhao;Calmettes, Beatriz;Duguay, Claude R.;Merchant, Christopher J.;Selmes, Nick;Simis, Stefan G. H.;Warren, Mark;Yesou, Herve;Mueller, Dagmar;Jiang, Dalin;Embury, Owen;Berge-Nguyen, Muriel;Albergel, Clement
• 通讯作者: Albergel, Clement