MICROBIAL DETOXICATION/DEGRADATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTES

这是一项跨学科的基础研究、培训和产业 旨在通过以下方式减少对人类健康风险的外展方案 有害物质检测新方法的发展 以及开发先进的微生物系统来降解主要的 有害的环境顽固性污染物的类别。这个 拟议的研究重点放在有机化学品和 在城市废弃煤炭中发现的有毒金属 气化废物场地和垃圾填埋场，以及受污染的地表水 用偶氮染料和染料。该提案要求进行七项研究 项目、行政和培训核心以及技术资源 核心。项目1检查微生物P450的基因和途径 基于单加氧酶的解毒和细菌偶氮染料偶氮还原酶， 以及利用这些遗传信息来表征 降解性微生物群落。项目2试图确定 重要的生物和物理化学参数 偶氮染料的环境归宿和强化好氧降解。项目 3强调了4和5环芳香族的微生物降解 碳氢化合物和N-杂环化合物存在于金属中- 受污染的煤层气废弃场混合物。下一个项目将检查 利用遗传靶点研究铬致遗传损伤的机制 哺乳动物细胞中的穿梭载体，在为其选择的酵母菌株中 DNA修复和对氧化应激反应的已知缺陷，以及在 体外DNA复制系统。项目5强调发展 复杂环境样品的分析方法，包括 有机金属，使用先进的分析分离联用方法 电感耦合等离子体质谱超痕量检测。 下一个项目研究的是微结构和微环境 生物膜的发展和生物降解过程的稳定性，使用偶氮 实验混合物中的染料、金属和有机金属。最后 该项目研究有机污染物的降解和环境命运 以及绿色植物/土壤/根际微生物区系中的有毒金属。 技术资源核心作为分析专业知识的来源运行 以及对计划中的跨学科研究的支持，并提供 部分支持关于方法开发的协作研究 制造业环境问题的解决方案。 几名调查人员的跨学科合作努力 构成了整个研究计划的一个决定性特征。 研究合作也是跨学科博士学位的基础 实习生计划。受训者在一项研究中接受严格的培训 纪律加上在问题和方法方面的广泛经验 减少有毒废物对人类健康的危害，并在 推进跨学科交流和研究协作 在这些学科中。

This is an interdisciplinary basic research, training and industrial outreach program aimed at the reduction of risk to human health through the development of new methods for the detection of hazardous substances and the development of advanced microbial systems to degrade major categories of hazardous environmentally recalcitrant pollutants. The proposed research focuses upon the mixtures of organic chemicals and toxic metals characteristically found at abandoned urban coal gasification waste sites and landfills, and surface waters contaminated with azo dyes and dyestuffs. The proposal calls for seven research projects, an administrative and training core and a technology resource core. Project 1 examines the genes and pathways of microbial P450 monooxygenase-based detoxication and of bacterial azo dye azoreductases, and the use of this genetic information in the characterization of degradative microbial communities. Project 2 seeks to identify the biological and physico-chemical parameters of importance for the environmental fate and enhanced aerobic degradation of azo dyes. Project 3 emphasizes the microbial degradation of 4 and 5 ring aromatic hydrocarbons and N-heterocyclic compounds as they exist in metal- contaminated mixtures of coal gas waste sites. The next project examines the mechanisms of genetic damage by chromium, using genetic targets in shuttle vectors in mammalian cells, in yeast strains chosen for their known defects in DNA repair and response to oxidative stress, and in in vitro DNA replication systems. Project 5 emphasizes the development of analytical methods for complex environmental samples, including organometals, using advanced methods in analytical separations coupled to ultra-trace detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The next Project studies the microstructure and microenvironment of biofilm development and stability of biodegradation processes, using azo dyes and metals and organometals in experimental mixtures. The last Project examines degradation and environmental fate of organic pollutants and toxic metals in the green plant/soil/microflora of the rhizosphere. The Technology Resource Core operates as a source of analytical expertise and support for interdisciplinary research in the program, and provides partial support for collaborative research on methods development for solutions to environmental problems of manufacturing industries. Interdisciplinary collaborative efforts by the several investigators constitutes a defining characteristic of the overall research program. Research collaborations also are the basis of the interdisciplinary Ph.D trainee program. Trainees receive vigorous training in a research discipline plus broad experience in the problems and approaches to reducing toxic waste hazards to human health, and take an active role in advancing the interdisciplinary communication and research collaboration among the disciplines.