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GroFutures: Groundwater Futures in Sub-Saharan Africa

GroFutures：撒哈拉以南非洲地下水期货

基本信息

批准号：
NE/L001721/1
负责人：
Roger Calow
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
Overseas Development Institute
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FL001721%2F1
关键词：
GroFutures Groundwater Futures Sub Saharan

项目摘要

The Groundwater Futures in Sub-Saharan Africa (GroFutures) project will assemble an inter-disciplinary team of highly experienced physical and social scientists from Africa and Europe to generate new scientific evidence and methods to enable groundwater to be used sustainably and equitably tom improve the lives of poor people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by way of improved access to safe water for drinking and domestic purposes as well as water for agricultural production. As SSA is a region of small-scale farmers, sustainable year-round access to water for agriculture is a core component of poverty alleviation strategies in this region. GroFutures also recognises the importance of protecting the quantity and quality of groundwater discharges that sustain rivers, lakes and wetlands and the benefits (e.g. fish, hydropower) derived from these.Under a one-year catalyst grant, the GroFutures Team will work with government water ministries in Ethiopia, Ghana and Tanzania to conduct a series of pilot studies characterising and quantifying seasonal changes in groundwater demand under a range of potential development options including increased use of groundwater for irrigation as well as urban and rural water supplies in selected basins. Indicative changes in groundwater supply by way of rain-fed groundwater replenishment (recharge) will also be evaluated under this pilot research by examining relationships between climate and groundwater recharge in semi-arid (central Tanzania) and seasonally humid (northern Uganda) environments where long-term observational records exist. The evaluation will focus on observed recharge responses to changes in the intensity of rainfall that is projected to increase in a warmer world, under these contrasting climate regimes.A significant innovation of the research conducted under this catalyst grant is the development and trial of a new metric of water availability that, for the first time, explicitly considers groundwater resources. Water availability will be redefined in terms of water storage requirements, be it natural (e.g. groundwater) or constructed (e.g. surface reservoirs), that are required to address imbalances between water supply and demand. As such, the metric will directly inform water management including sustainable allocations of groundwater. Because access to groundwater often disfavours poor water users, GroFutures will investigate pathways to enhance the governance and management of groundwater that recognise and support access of the poor to groundwater.The interdisciplinary GroFutures Team is uniquely qualified to undertake the proposed research. It has conducted pioneering research evaluating factors that influence groundwater demand and supply and, as such, possesses invaluable long-term and detailed datasets as well as an acute understanding of the national development plans required to develop robust projections and scenarios of the future with which to determine the sustainability of groundwater resources in different settings. Having enjoyed long-term collaborations with government ministries who are project partners, the team is also able to review critical questions of groundwater governance and management.Another key attribute of the GroFutures proposal is the holding of a pan-African workshop which will enable a rare opportunity for scientists in Anglophone and Francophone Africa to share their experiences and expertise. Scientists and government stakeholders in the GroFutures project will run the workshop jointly with a Francophone network of researchers, PICASS'EAU, from Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Niger, and Nigeria as well as potentially other UPGro Consortia and several invited international scientists who will examine the wider applicability of GroFutures pilot-study results to SSA and inform research to be proposed under a subsequent large, inter-disciplinary consortium proposal to the UPGro programme.

撒哈拉以南非洲地下水未来（GroFutures）项目将组建一个由来自非洲和欧洲经验丰富的自然和社会科学家组成的跨学科团队，以产生新的科学证据和方法，使地下水能够得到可持续和公平的利用，通过改善获得安全饮用水和家庭用水以及农业生产用水的方式，改善撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）贫困人口的生活。由于撒哈拉以南非洲地区是一个小农地区，因此全年可持续获得农业用水是该地区扶贫战略的核心组成部分。 GroFutures 还认识到保护维持河流、湖泊和湿地的地下水排放的数量和质量的重要性，以及由此产生的效益（例如鱼类、水力发电）。在为期一年的催化剂赠款下，GroFutures 团队将与埃塞俄比亚、加纳和坦桑尼亚的政府水务部门合作，进行一系列试点研究，描述和量化一系列潜在开发下地下水需求的季节性变化。选项包括增加使用地下水进行灌溉以及选定流域的城市和农村供水。在这项试点研究中，还将通过检查存在长期观测记录的半干旱（坦桑尼亚中部）和季节性潮湿（乌干达北部）环境中的气候与地下水补给之间的关系来评估通过雨水补给（补给）地下水供应的指示性变化。评估将重点关注在这些对比鲜明的气候条件下，观测到的对降雨强度变化的补给响应，预计在气候变暖的情况下，降雨强度会增加。在这笔催化剂资助下进行的研究的一项重大创新是开发和试验了一种新的可用水量指标，该指标首次明确考虑了地下水资源。可用水量将根据储水要求重新定义，无论是天然水（例如地下水）还是人工水（例如地表水库），都需要解决水供需之间的不平衡问题。因此，该指标将直接为水管理提供信息，包括地下水的可持续分配。由于获取地下水往往不利于贫困用水者，GroFutures 将研究加强地下水治理和管理的途径，承认并支持穷人获取地下水。跨学科的 GroFutures 团队具有独特的资格来开展拟议的研究。它开展了开创性的研究，评估影响地下水需求和供应的因素，因此拥有宝贵的长期和详细数据集，以及对国家发展计划的敏锐理解，这些计划和未来的预测和情景需要制定强有力的预测和情景，以确定不同环境下地下水资源的可持续性。该团队与作为项目合作伙伴的政府部门有着长期的合作关系，因此能够审查地下水治理和管理的关键问题。GroFutures提案的另一个关键特点是举办泛非研讨会，这将为非洲英语和法语国家的科学家提供难得的机会来分享他们的经验和专业知识。 GroFutures 项目的科学家和政府利益相关者将与来自贝宁、布基纳法索、喀麦隆、乍得、科特迪瓦、尼日尔和尼日利亚的法语研究人员网络 PICASS'EAU 以及其他可能的 UPGro 联盟和几位受邀的国际科学家联合举办研讨会，他们将检查 GroFutures 试点研究结果对 SSA 的更广泛适用性，并提供信息这项研究将在随后向 UPGro 计划提交的大型跨学科联盟提案中提出。