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Southern Alaska margin: interactions of tectonics, climate, and sedimentation (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 341)

阿拉斯加南部边缘：构造、气候和沉积的相互作用（综合海洋钻探计划第 341 次探险）

基本信息

批准号：
NE/L002426/1
负责人：
Erin McClymont
金额：
$ 1万
依托单位：
Durham University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FL002426%2F1
关键词：
Southern Alaska margin interactions tectonics

项目摘要

Projections of future climate change under higher atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations rely upon our understanding of the relationships and feedbacks that operate between different climate components, either as processes (ocean circulation, ice-sheet behaviour) or regions (e.g. low versus high latitudes). A number of key variables within the modern climate system have been linked to major climate transitions in the past, but whether they drove, amplified, or responded to climate events remains a topic of intense debate.The focus of this research expedition is to drill a series of marine sediment cores in a transect close to South Alaska, in order to investigate the links between mountain building, ice sheet growth, and climate change. Recent research has shown that the uplift of mountains can affect local and regional climate by affecting the pathways and intensities of precipitation. It can also lead to ice sheet growth, and to increased erosion of the land surface. The increase delivery of sediments and freshwater from the mountains to the ocean can affect biological productivity and the patterns of ocean circulation in areas proximal to the mountains. In contrast, it has also been proposed that cooling and changes in ocean circulation at a regional scale (e.g. across the North Pacific Ocean) could be important for allowing or encouraging the growth of ice sheets, and regional warming might be important for driving ice-sheet retreat.This complex set of interactions has been difficult to assess because there has rarely been an opportunity to recover long sequences of sediments which contain both climate signals and evidence for erosion and ice sheet growth/decay. In this expedition we will recover a series of cores which are progressively closer to shore, which span millions of years but which also preserve evidence for rapid climate events and the response of the environmental conditions onshore. The results will be important for a wide range of academic interests, spanning climate change, tectonics, biogeochemical cycling, glaciology and catchment dynamics.

在大气中二氧化碳浓度较高的情况下对未来气候变化的预测取决于我们对不同气候组成部分之间的关系和反馈的理解，这些气候组成部分可以是过程（海洋环流、冰盖行为），也可以是区域（例如低纬度和高纬度）。现代气候系统中的一些关键变量与过去的主要气候转变有关，但它们是否驱动、放大或响应气候事件仍然是一个激烈争论的话题。这次研究探险的重点是在南阿拉斯加附近的一个样带中钻取一系列海洋沉积物岩心，以调查山脉建设、冰盖生长和气候变化之间的联系。最近的研究表明，山脉的抬升可以通过影响降水的路径和强度来影响当地和区域气候。它还可能导致冰盖生长，并增加对陆地表面的侵蚀。从山区向海洋输送的沉积物和淡水增加，可能影响山区附近地区的生物生产力和海洋环流模式。与此相反，也有人提出，在区域尺度上，（例如横跨北太平洋）可能对允许或鼓励冰盖的生长很重要，而区域变暖可能对推动冰的形成很重要这种复杂的相互作用很难评估，因为很少有机会恢复长序列的沉积物，气候信号和侵蚀和冰盖生长/衰退的证据。在这次考察中，我们将恢复一系列逐渐接近海岸的岩心，这些岩心跨越数百万年，但也保留了快速气候事件和岸上环境条件反应的证据。研究结果将对广泛的学术兴趣具有重要意义，包括气候变化、构造学、地球化学循环、冰川学和流域动力学。