FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION IN EXTRASTRIATE CORTEX

意义灵长类动物的视觉系统包含大量的 视觉世界的不同表现形式，最晚至少20个 数一数。视觉科学的核心问题之一是建立 众多区域如何在一起形成我们看似统一的视觉 经验。目标多个领域清楚地联系在一起 同时包含串行和并行组织的复杂网络。 我有探索组织的两个方面的项目，雇用 测量信息处理的单神经元生理学方法 在猕猴(Macaca Mulatta)的皮质中。我们雇佣了一名 结合生理和行为方法来探索 不同皮质区域的信号与不同脑区信号的关系 视觉感知的各个方面。结果皮质、MT和MST。这些表格 一个完美的连续处理的例子，我们已经知道一个很棒的 讨论它们是如何组织的，以及它们包含哪些信息 代表。两者似乎都专门用于视觉分析 运动，但MST(加工的后期阶段)似乎代表 图像运动的更复杂的方面，例如旋转， 扩张和收缩。我们已经确定MST地区是 参与了一个复杂的运动任务，恢复了自我的方向 来自光流的运动(类似于《星球大战》的开场图)， 使用皮质内微刺激的方法进行微小扰动 那里的神经元携带的信号。我们还探索了并行 通过测量MT区的颜色反应进行组织，长期以来一直认为 要专注于动作分析，而不是色彩。我们发现 MT中的强健颜色信号，并正在仔细地描述其 大自然。未来的发展方向我们将继续探索这些机制 并将启动一项类似的研究 在相关的复杂运动任务中，单个运动线索可以 更好地隔离和控制。关键词视觉感知， 运动处理、神经生理学、建模资助NIH Grant EY10562 出版物Britten，K.H.，响应选择性的聚集 猕猴纹外皮质内侧上颞区 猴子。视觉神经科学15(3)：553-558,1998。布里顿、K.H.和 大脑皮层MST区微电刺激 偏向猴子的头部知觉。自然神经科学1(1)：59-63， 1998年。布列顿，K.H.和纽瑟姆，W.T.调谐带宽 MT区的近阈值刺激。神经生理学杂志 80(2)：762-770,1998。

Significance The visual system of primates contains a large number of separate representations of the visual world, at least 20 at latest count. One of the central problems of visual science is to establish how the numerous areas together form our seemingly unified visual experience. Objectives The multiple areas clearly are connected in a complex network that contains both serial and parallel organization. I have projects exploring both aspects of the organization, employing single-neuron physiological methods to measure information processing in the cortex of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). We employ a combination of physiological and behavioral approaches to explore the relationship of signals in different cortical areas to different aspects of visual perception. Results Cortex, MT and MST. These form a perfect example of serial processing, and we already know a great deal about how they are organized and what kind of information they represent. Both appear to be specialized for the analysis of visual motion, but MST (the later stage of processing) appears to represent much more complex aspects of image motion, such as rotation, expansion, and contraction. We have established that area MST is involved in one complex motion task, recovering the direction of self motion from optic flow (analogous to the "Star Wars" opening graphic), using the method of introcortical microstimulation to minutely perturb the signals carried by neurons there. We have also explored parallel organization by measuring color responses in area MT, long thought to be specialized for motion analysis and not color. We have discovered robust color signals in MT and are carefully characterizing their nature. Future Directions We will continue to explore the mechanisms of perception of self-motion, and will also initiate a similar study on a related complex motion task, in which individual motion cues can be better isolated and controlled. KEY WORDS visual perception, motion processing, neurophysiology, modeling FUNDING NIH Grant EY10562 PUBLICATIONS Britten, K.H. Clustering of response selectivity in the medial superior temporal area of extrastriate cortex in the macaque monkey. Visual Neuroscience 15(3):553-558, 1998. Britten, K.H. and van Wezel, R.J.A. Electrical microstimulation of cortical area MST biases heading perception in monkeys. Nature Neuroscience 1(1):59-63, 1998. Britten, K.H. and Newsome, W.T. Tuning bandwidths for near-threshold stimuli in area MT. Journal of Neurophysiology 80(2):762-770, 1998.