PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE PROTEIN CONJUGATE VACCINE W/ ADJUVANTS:INFANT RHESUS

肺炎链球菌是导致耳部疾病的主要原因 儿童感染、鼻窦感染和脑膜炎。恒河猴 猴子也容易感染链球菌 肺炎杆菌。肺炎链球菌的免疫应答 猴子的疫苗与人类的疫苗相似。几种潜在的疫苗 为了保护人类免受肺炎链球菌的感染， 已经被开发出来了。这个项目的目的是研究 三种不同佐剂与一项研究相结合 肺炎球菌疫苗对七种肺炎球菌的保护作用 婴幼儿恒河猴鼻部定植肺炎球菌 类型14。16只幼年恒河猴(4组，每组4只) 在2个月、4个月和6个月龄时用七种成分免疫 肺炎球菌疫苗；一组(对照组)未接种 疫苗，其他三组接种明矾土疫苗， 明胶加MPL，或明胶加QS-21。血液是在当时提取的 分别于第三次接种后1个月和接种后1个月接种。 对七种肺炎球菌的免疫应答 包括在疫苗中的疫苗进行了评估。疫苗具有免疫原性； 明矾的反应最低，明矾加MPL的反应最高 对6B、9V和14型血清以及明矾加QS-21的反应给出了 对血清型4、18C、19F和23F型的反应最高。在九个月的时候 随着年龄的增长，这些动物面临着越来越多的挑战 肺炎链球菌14型。对照组中的所有四只动物 肺炎链球菌定植低量组。 在接种疫苗的12只动物中，只有4只被殖民 在肺炎链球菌挑战之后。这项研究表明，MPL 而QS-21佐剂在诱导免疫方面优于单独使用明矾 对肺炎球菌疫苗的反应。肺炎球菌疫苗减少 鼻咽在幼猴体内的定植。基于 这项研究的积极结果，在人体上的临床试验应该是 考虑与MPL和QS-21佐剂一起使用。

The bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of ear infections, sinus infections, and meningitis in children. Rhesus monkeys are also susceptible to infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. The immune response to Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines in monkeys is similar to humans. Several potential vaccines to protect humans against Streptococcus pneumoniae infections have been developed. The purpose of this project was to study the ability of three different adjuvants combined with an investigational pneumococcal vaccine against seven types of pneumococcus to protect infant rhesus monkeys from colonization of the nose with pneumococcus type 14. Sixteen infant rhesus monkeys (four groups of four) were immunized at 2, 4, and 6 months of age with a seven component pneumococcal vaccine; one group (control group) did not receive vaccine, the other three groups received vaccine with either alum, alum plus MPL, or alum plus QS-21. Blood was obtained at the time vaccine was administered and 1 month after the third dose of vaccine. The immune response to each of the seven types of pneumococcus included in the vaccine was evaluated. The vaccine was immunogenic; alum alone gave the lowest response, alum plus MPL gave the highest response for serotypes 6B, 9V, and 14, and alum plus QS-21 gave the highest response for serotypes 4, 18C, 19F, and 23F. At nine months of age the animals were challenged with increasing amounts of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 14. All four animals in the control group were colonized with low amounts of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Only four of twelve animals who were vaccinated became colonized following pneumococcal challenge. This study demonstrates that MPL and QS-21 adjuvants are superior to alum alone in inducing an immune response to pneumococcal vaccine. Pneumococcal vaccine decreased nasopharyngeal colonization in the juvenile monkeys. Based on the positive results from this study, clinical trials in humans should be considered with both MPL and QS-21 adjuvants.