Impacts of deglaciation on benthic marine ecosystems in Antarctica

冰消作用对南极洲底栖海洋生态系统的影响

• 批准号: NE/P003060/1
• 负责人: David Barnes
• 金额: $ 14.74万
• 依托单位: British Antarctic Survey
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP003060%2F1
• 关键词: Impacts; deglaciation; benthic; marine; ecosystems

Environmental changes due to ice loss and deglaciation disturbances will significantly impact Antarctic ecosystems at different levels of biological complexity and spatio-temporal scales. At the lower level of biological organization, changes in key environmental parameters, such as temperature, salinity, productivity and turbidity, may have significant effects on important fitness traits such as growth, survival and fecundity of individuals. These effects may percolate to higher levels of organization such as population and community levels. Thus, lower growth, higher mortality rates and lower fecundity may affect the demographic dynamics of local populations. In addition, at a community scale, in a stressed environment some species may become locally extinct or they may be outcompeted by stronger competitors due to a decrease in individual performance. Alternatively, pioneer species with weak competition abilities would dominate highly perturbed sites. In this way, ice loss and disturbance from deglaciation may promote changes in species diversity and community structure at different directions and spatial scales, moving communities to alternate stable states. Over a longer time scale, all these ecological effects have consequences on an evolutionary scale in determining genetic diversity and gene flow, which may reduce the evolutionary potential of species. Under this scenario, this project aims to investigate the impacts of physicaldisturbance arising from climate-warming induced deglaciation on benthic communities around the West Antarctic Peninsula. We adopt a multidisciplinary approach across nested scales from individual to ecosystem level, and from an ecological to evolutionary scale, evaluating genetic, physiological, population, community and ecosystem impacts of this perturbation. In addition, we use sclerochronology to develop biological proxies for reconstructing long-term and short-term environmental changes in Antarctica.

冰损和冰消干扰引起的环境变化将在不同生物复杂性和时空尺度上对南极生态系统产生重大影响。在生物组织的较低层次，温度、盐度、生产力和浊度等关键环境参数的变化可能对个体的生长、存活和繁殖力等重要适合度性状产生重大影响。这些影响可能会渗透到更高层次的组织，如人口和社区水平。因此，较低的增长率、较高的死亡率和较低的生育力可能影响当地人口的人口动态。此外，在群落规模上，在压力环境中，一些物种可能会在当地灭绝，或者由于个体表现下降而被更强的竞争对手击败。或者，竞争能力弱的先锋物种将主导高度扰动的网站。因此，冰消作用引起的冰失和干扰可能会在不同方向和空间尺度上促进物种多样性和群落结构的变化，使群落向交替稳定状态移动。在较长的时间尺度上，所有这些生态效应在决定遗传多样性和基因流动的进化尺度上产生后果，这可能会降低物种的进化潜力。在这种情况下，本项目旨在调查气候变暖引起的冰川消退对西南极半岛周围底栖生物群落的影响。我们采用跨嵌套尺度从个人到生态系统水平，从生态到进化尺度的多学科方法，评估遗传，生理，人口，社区和生态系统的影响，这种扰动。此外，我们使用sclerochronology开发生物代理重建长期和短期的环境变化在南极洲。

项目成果

Scientific cruise report JR17001 RRS James Clark Ross

科学巡航报告 JR17001 RRS 詹姆斯·克拉克·罗斯

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Barnes DKA

Blue carbon gains from glacial retreat along Antarctic fjords: What should we expect?

• DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15055
• 发表时间: 2020-05-01
• 期刊: GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Barnes, David K. A.;Sands, Chester J.;Zwerschke, Nadescha
• 通讯作者: Zwerschke, Nadescha

Interpopulational differences in the nutritional condition of Aequiyoldia eightsii (Protobranchia: Nuculanidae) from the Western Antarctic Peninsula during austral summer.

在澳大利亚夏季，来自南极西部半岛的Aequiyoldia 8sii（原反班氏菌：Nuculanidae）的营养状况的人口介入差异。

• DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12679
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: PeerJ
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Bascur M;Morley SA;Meredith MP;Muñoz-Ramírez CP;Barnes DKA;Schloss IR;Sands CJ;Schofield O;Román-Gonzaléz A;Cárdenas L;Venables H;Brante A;Urzúa Á
• 通讯作者: Urzúa Á

Scientific cruise report JR18003 RRS James Clark Ross

科学巡航报告 JR18003 RRS 詹姆斯·克拉克·罗斯

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Sands C.J.

Genetic variation in the small bivalve Nuculana inaequisculpta along a retreating glacier fjord, King George Island, Antarctica

南极洲乔治王岛退缩冰川峡湾沿岸小型双壳类 Nuculana inaequisculpta 的遗传变异

• DOI: 10.22370/rbmo.2021.56.2.3059
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía
• 作者: Muñoz-Ramírez C