InSAR as a Tool to evaluate Peatland Sensitivity to global change

InSAR 作为评估泥炭地对全球变化敏感性的工具

• 批准号: NE/P014100/1
• 负责人: David Large
• 金额: $ 29.89万
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP014100%2F1
• 关键词: InSAR; Tool; evaluate; Peatland; Sensitivity

The aim of this project is to validate a new and transformative remote sensing method to address the goals of the soil security programme by providing an improved and predictive understanding of; the ability of peat to perform multiple functions in different landscape and climate settings on a wide range of scales; the ability to peat to resist, recover and adapt to climate perturbations. This will be achieved by measuring the vertical motion of the surface of peatland, a direct indicator of mass (water, gas or organic matter) gained or lost from a peat body and powerful indication of peat soil condition.Peat accounts for 1/3 of Earth's terrestrial carbon, a quantity equivalent to the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. Peat contains up to 95% water and 5% organic matter so peatland and its associate ecosystems are highly vulnerable to both economic and societal pressure and climate change. As peatland degrades erosion and organic matter loss have a detrimental impact on flood regulation, and water quality. Consequently, protecting peatland is a priority and considerable effort is being expended on its management and restoration. To understand the threats to peatland and effectively manage peatland requires us to consider peat over long periods of time and large areas. Due to the extent of peatland both globally and within the UK, continuous field monitoring required to answer large scale research questions is both difficult and expensive. Alternative methods are urgently needed.A satellite technique known as InSAR uses radar waves to measure vertical land surface motion. Established InSAR techniques provide only patchy coverage over rural areas and where therefore ineffective over peatland. What we are going to test is a new transformative InSAR technique which unlike previous techniques provides near continuous coverage across all land surfaces irrespective of ground cover. This new approach therefore has the potential to reduce long term monitoring cost and guide peatland management decisions by enabling 1) targeted management of degrading areas of peat 2) evaluation of restoration methods 3) data to enable effective management plans for large areas. The accuracy of this new InSAR technique been demonstrated over solid slow moving surfaces however to realise the potential that InSAR offers over peat the field validity of the results needs to be demonstrated. This is essential as the unusually dynamic peat surface can move rapidly over short periods of time in response to changes in water budget, gas content, compaction and drainage. The challenge validating by either approach is that there are currently not enough monitored sites of sufficient extent to validate the satellite data over peatland. This mismatch of scale arises because a single pixel on an InSAR map represents an area 100x100m a scale rarely replicated by field monitoring.In this proposal we will determine the validity of the InSAR measurements by addressing the following two research questions1) Is the ground motion measured by InSAR a true indicator of the magnitude and direction of the ground motion?2) Does the InSAR indicate the general condition of the peatland? These questions will be answered by collecting data on soil condition and surface motion from two sites in Scotland's Flow Country the single largest soil carbon store in the UK and the largest blanket bog in Europe. Field sites have been chosen to complement other projects and maximise the impact of the research and the potential for collaboration.

该项目的目的是验证一种新的变革性遥感方法，通过提供对土壤安全方案的改进的预测性理解来实现土壤安全方案的目标；泥炭在不同的景观和气候环境中发挥多种功能的能力；抵御、恢复和适应气候扰动的能力。这将通过测量泥炭地表面的垂直运动来实现，这是泥炭体获得或失去的质量（水、气或有机物）的直接指标，也是泥炭土壤状况的有力指示。泥炭占地球陆地碳的1/3，相当于大气中的碳含量。泥炭含有高达95%的水和5%的有机物，因此泥炭地及其相关生态系统极易受到经济和社会压力以及气候变化的影响。随着泥炭地退化，侵蚀和有机质损失对洪水调节和水质产生不利影响。因此，保护泥炭地是一项优先事项，目前正在对其管理和恢复作出相当大的努力。要了解泥炭地面临的威胁，并有效地管理泥炭地，我们需要在很长一段时间和大范围内考虑泥炭。由于全球和英国泥炭地的范围，回答大规模研究问题所需的连续现场监测既困难又昂贵。迫切需要替代方法。一种被称为InSAR的卫星技术使用雷达波来测量垂直地表运动。现有的InSAR技术只能在农村地区提供不完整的覆盖，因此对泥炭地无效。我们要测试的是一种新的变革性InSAR技术，与以前的技术不同，它可以在所有陆地表面提供近乎连续的覆盖，而不受地面覆盖的影响。因此，这种新方法有可能降低长期监测成本，并通过以下方式指导泥炭地管理决策：1)对泥炭退化地区进行有针对性的管理；2)对恢复方法进行评估；3)利用数据制定大面积有效的管理计划。这种新的InSAR技术的准确性已经在固体缓慢移动的表面上得到了证明，但是为了实现InSAR在泥炭上提供的潜力，需要证明结果的现场有效性。这是至关重要的，因为异常动态的泥炭表面可以在短时间内快速移动，以响应水收支、气体含量、压实和排水的变化。验证这两种方法所面临的挑战是，目前没有足够多的监测站点来验证泥炭地的卫星数据。这种比例不匹配的出现是因为InSAR地图上的单个像素代表100 × 100米的区域，这种比例很少被现场监测复制。在本提案中，我们将通过解决以下两个研究问题来确定InSAR测量的有效性：1)InSAR测量的地面运动是否是地面运动的大小和方向的真实指标？2) InSAR是否显示泥炭地的一般情况？这些问题将通过收集苏格兰流动国家的两个地点的土壤状况和地表运动数据来回答。苏格兰流动国家是英国最大的土壤碳储存地，也是欧洲最大的地膜沼泽。实地地点的选择是为了补充其他项目，并最大限度地发挥研究的影响和合作的潜力。

项目成果

Use of Surface Motion Characteristics Determined by InSAR to Assess Peatland Condition

使用 InSAR 确定的表面运动特征来评估泥炭地状况

• DOI: 10.1029/2018jg004953
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Biogeosciences
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Alshammari L

Multiscale Variability and the Comparison of Ground and Satellite Radar Based Measures of Peatland Surface Motion for Peatland Monitoring

用于泥炭地监测的泥炭地表面运动的多尺度变异性以及地面和卫星雷达测量的比较

• DOI: 10.3390/rs14020336
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Remote Sensing
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Marshall C

Comparison of plant traits of sedges, shrubs and

莎草、灌木和植物性状比较

• DOI: 10.19189/map.2017.omb.307
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: MIRES AND PEAT
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Konings W.

Long-Term Peatland Condition Assessment via Surface Motion Monitoring Using the ISBAS DInSAR Technique over the Flow Country, Scotland

• DOI: 10.3390/rs10071103
• 发表时间: 2018-07
• 期刊: Remote. Sens.
• 作者: Lubna Alshammari;D. Large;D. Boyd;A. Sowter;Russell Anderson;R. Andersen;S. Marsh

Blanket bog CO 2 flux driven by plant functional type during summer drought

夏季干旱期间植物功能类型驱动的毯式沼泽 CO 2 通量

• DOI: 10.1002/eco.2503
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Ecohydrology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Sterk H