SPACED-RETRIEVAL: INTERVENTION FOR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：拟议项目 是一项为期三年的研究，在这项研究中，老年痴呆症患者将接受培训， 用一种被称为“沟通障碍”的干预措施来解决沟通问题， 间隔检索（SR）。SR包括成功记住目标的练习 信息和/或在连续更长的时间内执行目标行为 的间隔在梅诺拉公园老年中心进行的一项试点研究中， 俄亥俄州的比奇伍德，言语病理学家在1999年实施了SR训练试验。 在定期的语言治疗课程中实现自然休息， 额外的目标，而不增加治疗时间。拟议的研究旨在 确定是否可以复制先前观察到的SR的积极影响 在一项针对不同种族的较大样本的对照疗效研究中， 组和设置。该项目将涉及两个研究小组在不同的 地理区域，并将包括48名大都市痴呆症患者 克利夫兰，俄亥俄州，和另外48个客户在塔拉哈西，佛罗里达。如 先导性研究中，治疗组将参加SR培训课程 常规语言治疗，而对照组将接受标准语言治疗 只有治疗。研究的具体目的是评估工作人员代表在多大程度上： 1.提高对有沟通问题的人的治疗效果 标准言语治疗期间的痴呆; 2）定性结果 与标准治疗程序相比，治疗结果的改善;以及3） 增强治疗期间所达到目标的维持和推广。 参与者将在治疗开始前进行评估，并在治疗结束后进行测试。 一周和四个月后。治疗组和对照组将在 目标度量的术语（例如，达到的治疗目标数量， 达到治疗目标所需的疗程）;过程测量（例如，数量 客户拒绝出席或合作的会议， 过早终止治疗）;以及，泛化措施（例如， 在真实的世界环境中展示治疗中获得的能力，以及 他们对客户的问题行为和生活质量的影响。如果执行 标准言语治疗会话背景下的SR干预 证明是成功的，将实现额外的治疗目标， 增加长度和成本，以及SR干预的有效性将 在不同地点、治疗师和痴呆症患者群体中得到证明。

DESCRIPTION (As Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): The proposed project is a three-year study in which older adults with dementia will be trained to deal with communication problems using an intervention known as Spaced-Retrieval (SR). SR involves practice at successfully remembering target information and/or performing target behaviors at successively longer time intervals. In a pilot study conducted at Menorah Park Center for the Aging in Beachwood, Ohio, speech pathologists implemented SR training trials during natural breaks in regular speech therapy sessions and clients achieved additional goals without increasing therapy time. The proposed study seeks to determine if the positive effects of SR observed previously can be replicated in a controlled efficacy study with a larger sample across different ethnic groups and settings. The project will involve two research teams in different geographic areas, and will include 48 clients with dementia in metropolitan Cleveland, Ohio, and another 48 clients in Tallahassee, Florida. As in the pilot study, the treatment group will participate in SR training in the course of regular speech therapy, while the control group will undergo standard speech therapy only. Specific aims of the study are to assess the extent to which SR: 1 Increases treatment effectiveness for communication problems in persons with dementia during standard speech therapy sessions; 2) Results in qualitative improvement in therapy outcomes compared to standard therapy procedures; and 3) Enhances the maintenance and generalization of goals achieved during therapy. Participants will be assessed before therapy begins, and at posttest after one week and after four months. Treatment and control groups will be compared in terms of goal measures (e.g., number of therapy goals achieved, number of sessions required to reach therapy goals); process measures (e.g., number of sessions clients refuse to attend or to cooperate in, number of clients who terminate therapy prematurely); and, generalization measures (e.g., demonstration in real world contexts of abilities acquired in therapy, and their impact on clients' problem behaviors and quality of life. If implementing the SR intervention within the context of standard speech therapy sessions proves successful, additional therapeutic goals will be achieved without increasing length and costs, and the effectiveness of the SR intervention will be demonstrated across sites, therapists, and groups of persons with dementia.