MUTANT GENES IN FECES FOR EARLY DETECTION OF COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS

结直肠癌是美国癌症死亡的第二大原因。 States. 1996年将出现大约133，500个新病例， 大约55 000人将死于这种疾病。几项研究 已经表明筛查无症状人群的结直肠肿瘤 可以降低死亡率。分子遗传学研究表明， ras原癌基因的突变激活和突变失活 肿瘤抑制基因的表达与结直肠肿瘤的发生有关。的 这项建议的目的是探索遗传方法， 大肠癌的检测。我们力求实现以下目标： 1.生成检测粪便中ras基因突变的稳健方法 样本，以努力提供一个单一的样本筛选测试， 结肠直肠癌通过以下方式评价检测灵敏度和特异性： 既往从受试者中获得的粪便样本的回顾性分析 有记录的癌或腺瘤。 2.检测粪便ras癌基因突变的遗传学方法比较 在一项前瞻性研究中， 进行结肠镜检查的病人。

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. In 1996, approximately 133,500 new cases will occur and approximately 55,000 persons will die from this disease. Several studies have shown that screening asymptomatic populations for colorectal neoplasia can reduce mortality. Molecular genetic studies have demonstrated that the mutational activation of ras proto-oncogenes and mutational inactivation of tumor suppressor genes are associated with colorectal tumorigenesis. The objective of this proposal is to explore genetic approaches for early detection of colorectal cancer. We seek to achieve the following: 1. Generate a robust method for detecting ras gene mutations in stool specimens in an effort to provide a single specimen screening test for colorectal cancer. Evaluate test sensitivity and specificity through retrospective analysis of stool samples previously obtained from subjects with documented carcinomas or adenomas. 2. Compare the genetic method for detecting fecal ras oncogene mutation with an immunochemical test for fecal occult blood in a prospective study in patients undergoing surveillance colonoscopy.