UK-OSNAP-Decade: 10 years of observing and understanding the overturning circulation in the subpolar North Atlantic (2014-2024)

来自测量和模型的越来越多的证据表明，亚极地北大西洋输送热量和淡水的重要性。它们通过温度、降水和风力影响北大西洋、欧洲和全球气候，也影响海洋生态系统、飓风，甚至萨赫勒地区、亚马逊地区和美国部分地区的降雨。北大西洋亚极地环流的行为与北大西洋副热带环流有很大的不同，其输送和储存热量和淡水的机制和时间尺度也有很大的不同。在2014年之前，对北大西洋亚极地的测量还不够充分，目前仍没有任何海洋环流或气候模式能准确地代表它。UK- ocap - decade的目标是在NERC英国OSNAP大型资助项目的成功基础上，对北大西洋亚极区产生新的认识和理解，以改进该地区对气候贡献的预测，并作为对国际合作项目OSNAP（北大西洋亚极区翻转计划）的贡献。我们提出了一个持续观测北大西洋次极环流和通量的方案；英国对国际跨盆地全深度海洋观测阵列的贡献。

There is mounting evidence from measurements and models of the importance of the transports of heat and freshwater by the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean. They impact on North Atlantic, European and global climate via temperature, precipitation and wind strength, and also on marine ecosystems, hurricanes, even rainfall in the Sahel, the Amazon and parts of the US. The subpolar North Atlantic behaves substantially differently from the subtropical North Atlantic circulation, and their mechanisms and timescales for transport and storage of heat and freshwater are very different. Prior to 2014 the subpolar North Atlantic was inadequately measured, and it is still the case that no ocean general circulation or climate model represents it accurately. UK-OSNAP-Decade aims to generate new knowledge and understanding of the subpolar North Atlantic to improve predictions of the contribution of the region to climate, by building on the successes of NERC Large Grant UK OSNAP, and as a contribution to the international collaborative project OSNAP (Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Programme). We propose a programme of sustained observation of subpolar North Atlantic circulation and fluxes; a UK contribution to an international trans-basin, full-depth ocean observation array.