EVALUATION OF DUST CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES IN CONSTRUCTION

施工中粉尘控制技术的评估

• 批准号: 6344555
• 负责人: NOAH S SEIXAS
• 金额: $ 7.81万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-30 至 2001-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6344555
• 关键词: air pollution control; disease /disorder prevention /control; dust; evaluation /testing; industry; occupational disease /disorder; pneumoconiosis; pollution related respiratory disorder; silicates

Elevated occupational exposures to crystalline silica dust can result from construction activities in which concrete and stone are used. In particular, the use of power grinding, drilling, and cutting tools by masons and concrete finishers can result in unsafe exposures to silica dust. The main objective of this project is to evaluate commercially available, but untested, masonry tools to determine their effectiveness in reducing dust emissions. A series of semi-controlled experiments will be conducted to determine the effectiveness of water suppression and local ventilation control techniques when used with 6 different classes of hand-held masonry power tools. The most promising tool/control combinations, as determined by initial semi- controlled experiments, will be further tested during use at a construction site to evaluate how non-ideal conditions affect tool/control performance and to assess worker and management acceptance. The identification of effective control strategies for reducing silica dust exposures will provide practical guidance to masonry construction industry and reduce the possibility of occupational lung disease related to silica exposure in this industry.

结晶二氧化硅粉尘的职业暴露增加可能是由于使用混凝土和石材的建筑活动。 特别是，石匠和混凝土修整工使用动力研磨、钻孔和切割工具可能导致不安全的硅尘暴露。 该项目的主要目标是评估商业上可用的，但未经测试，砖石工具，以确定其在减少粉尘排放的有效性。 将进行一系列半对照实验，以确定与6种不同类别的手持砌筑电动工具一起使用时，水抑制和局部通风控制技术的有效性。 通过初始半对照实验确定的最有希望的工具/控制组合将在施工现场使用期间进行进一步测试，以评估非理想条件如何影响工具/控制性能，并评估工人和管理人员的接受程度。 确定有效的控制策略，以减少硅粉尘暴露的砖石建筑行业提供切实可行的指导，并减少职业性肺部疾病的可能性，在这个行业的硅接触。