Capital Equipment: Computing Cluster Upgrade and Neutrino Detector Laboratory Upgrade

拟议的研究范围包括五个不同的领域：希格斯研究和ATLAS的新现象搜索；LHCb包含美夸克的粒子物理学；T2K、SuperNEMO和LBNE的中微子物理学；新型高强度质子、缪子和中微子束的加速器研究和开发；探测器研发。更详细地说：o欧洲核子研究中心的ATLAS实验是在大型强子对撞机上运行的通用探测器。随着最近在该领域任命了一名新教授和两名新的博士后研究员，我们对实验的参与越来越多。我们提议的努力将是支持该实验，使其能够快速识别感兴趣的事件，以便记录和进一步分析。我们还将继续对最近发现的希格斯玻色子的性质进行详细的研究，希格斯玻色子被认为是与所有物质耦合的粒子，赋予它质量。我们将通过帮助优化其衰变到电子的重轻子对的搜索来做到这一点。o我们的目标是在LHCb实验中进一步研究美丽介子衰变中的物质/反物质不对称(CP破坏)。这一点很重要，因为我们在过去的实验中已经表明，在弱尺度上CP破坏的主要来源与CP破坏的标准模型机制是一致的。然而，宇宙学的考虑表明，自然界中应该有其他的CP破坏源，所以我们的目标是用美介子进行进一步的灵敏测试，以看看是否有任何证据表明，自然界中可能会出现CP破坏的其他来源或其他新物理。这些是非常轻的中性粒子，例如由太阳发射，在放射性贝塔衰变中。这些神秘的粒子是已知的振荡，即。在它们繁殖的同时，从一种类型转化为另一种类型。我们建造了T2K实验的一部分，在日本研究这些现象。对实验数据的分析给出了以前没有观察到的从Muon到电子型中微子的振荡的早期迹象，最近的观测也证实了这一点。我们的目标是继续进行这项实验，更详细地研究这些影响。这种巨大的效应提供了继续寻找中微子和反中微子振荡之间的不对称性的机会。我们还计划为超NEMO实验做出贡献，该实验旨在确定中微子的性质，即所谓的狄拉克或马约拉纳粒子。前者具有明显的反粒子，而后者是其自身的反粒子。这个问题可以通过寻找没有中微子伴随的双β衰变来解决。O我们建议继续研究和发展用于产生质子、介子和中微子束的高功率加速器。我们考虑的是未来的中微子工厂，尽管其他机器可能会从我们的研究中受益。如果建成这样的中微子工厂，将继续发展上文概述的中微子振荡和中微子物质-反物质不对称的研究主题。O我们建议继续研究和开发位置和能量敏感探测器，用于中微子实验中的应用和潜在的工业副产品应用。O我们会继续发展外展计划，包括为本地学校举办活动，以及在科普刊物上发表文章。o在大学强大的策略和KE风气的支持下，我们会继续寻求各种可能的知识交流途径。

The scope of the proposed research lies in five distinct areas: Higgs studies and new phenomena searches at ATLAS; the physics of particles containing the beauty quark at LHCb; the physics of neutrinos with T2K, SuperNEMO and LBNE; accelerator research and development for new high intensity proton, muon and neutrino beams; detector R&D. It also includes Outreach and Knowledge Exchange programmes. In more detail:o The ATLAS experiment at CERN is a general purpose detector operating at the LHC. Our participation in the experiment is growing with the recent appointment of a new professor in the area, as well as two new postdoctoral fellows. Our proposed effort will be to support the experiment by contributing to its ability to identify interesting events rapidly for recording and further analysis. We will also continue our detailed studies of the properties of the recently discovered Higgs boson, thought to be the particle which couples to all matter, giving it mass. We will do this by helping to optimise the search for its decays to pairs of tau leptons, heavy relatives of the electron.o We aim to further our research into matter/anti-matter asymmetry (CP Violation) in the decays of Beauty mesons at the LHCb experiment. This is important, because we have shown in past experiments that the leading source of CP violation at the weak scale is consistent with the Standard Model mechanism of CP violation. However, cosmological considerations indicate that there should be other sources of CP violation in Nature, so we aim to make further sensitive tests with beauty mesons, in order to see if any evidence for additional sources of CP violation or other new physics in Nature may appear in such decays.o The elucidation of the properties of neutrinos. These are very light, neutral particles which are emitted, for example, by the sun, and in radioactive beta decay. These mysterious particles are known to oscillate, ie. transmute from one type to another, while they propagate. We built part of the T2K experiment which studies these phenomena in Japan. Analyses of data taken at the experiment gave early hints of the previously unobserved oscillations of muon to electron type neutrinos, and more recent observations have confirmed this. We aim to continue running this experiment, to study these effects in greater detail. The largeness of the effect offers the chance to go on to look for asymmetries between the oscillations of neutrinos and anti-neutrinos. We further plan to contribute to the SuperNEMO experiment, which aims to determine the nature of the neutrino as so called Dirac or Majorana particle. The former has distinct anti-particles, while the latter is its own antiparticle. This question may be resolved by searching for double beta decay accompanied by no neutrinos. We will contribute to the analysis of data obtained by a "demonstrator module" attempting to observe such decays.o We propose to continue our research and development of high power accelerators for the generation of proton, muon and neutrino beams. We have in mind future neutrino factories, although other machines could benefit from our research. Such neutrino factories, if built, would continue to develop the theme of research into neutrino oscillations and matter-antimatter asymmetry of neutrinos outlined above. Such machines could also bring many benefits to medicine and industry.o We propose to continue our research and development of position- and energy-sensitive detectors for applications in neutrino experiments and with potential spin-off applications in industry. A particular focus of this effort is the LBNE neutrino oscillation experiment.o We will continue to develop our outreach programme which includes activities for local schools and articles in popular science publications.o Supported by a strong University strategy and ethos in KE, we will continue to pursue all avenues for possible knowledge exchange.