Rarefied hypervelocity separated flow in the transitional to continuum regimes

低密度流的过渡状态是介于自由分子流和连续流之间的无人区，在这种情况下，流动的行为与通常用于模拟任意一种流动类型的假设不同。Bird的直接模拟蒙特卡罗（DSMC）方法通常被认为是模拟这些流动的最佳方法，但由于计算限制和缺乏对流动内能的了解，与先前对低密度分离流动的实验没有产生很好的一致性。本文对现有的最佳DSMC代码和高超声速连续体代码进行了盲测，首次对流动的全内能状态进行了实验量化。

The transition regime for low-density flows is a no-man's-land between free-molecular and continuum flow, where the flow behaves differently to the assumptions typically used for modelling either flow type. Bird's direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is typically thought to be the best way of modelling these flows, but has not produced excellent agreement with previous experiments on low-density separated flows, due to computational limitations and lack of knowledge of the flow's internal energy. This proposal is a blind test of the best current DSMC codes against our experiments and a hypersonic continuum code, with the full internal energy state of the flow experimentally quantified for the first time.