Basal ganglia fMRI in normal and Parkinsonian patients

正常人和帕金森病患者的基底节功能磁共振成像

• 批准号: 6408189
• 负责人: ALICE W FLAHERTY
• 金额: $ 13万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-30 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6408189
• 关键词: Parkinson's disease; abnormal involuntary movement; basal ganglia; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain disorder chemotherapy; clinical research; corpus striatum; diagnosis design /evaluation; dopamine agonists; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; human therapy evaluation; neurosurgery; prognosis; psychomotor function

This project attempts to bridge basic and clinical science by examining how the basal ganglia control movement, and how they malfunction in Parkinson's disease. It allows the candidate, whose background is in normal basal ganglia anatomy and physiology, gain experiment in functional MRI (fMRI) imaging and the study of movement disorders. Only recently has it become possible to image the basal ganglia with fMRI. Our preliminary results show reliable, somatotopic basal ganglia activation by movement, pronounced left dominance in basal ganglia activation, and increased basal ganglia activation during bilateral compared to unilateral tasks. We how hypothesize (1) that the basal ganglia are important for sequencing or inhibition of competing movements. (2) Parkinsonians have altered movement-related activation in the striatum and cortex which reflects a disruption of his inhibition. (3) Therapies for Parkinson's disease such as dopamine agonists and globus pallidus lesions (pallidotomy)partially normalize this altered activation, but in different ways. The project would advance the basic neuroscience of motor processing. For instance, pallidotomy is a unique chance to measure the functional effects of precisely placed lesions in the basal ganglia circuit. It would also have direct clinical implications. There is currently no reliable diagnostic test for Parkinson's disease. FMRI might in the future prove to be such a test. FMRI might also allow independent investigation of Parkinsonian, such as patients with dyskinesias, who would benefit more from certain treatments. It may help monitor the efficacy of treatment in individual patients. Finally, better understanding of how the basal ganglia process motor inputs may provide clues how they process other inputs, chiefly cognitive and limbic This is of extreme interest because of the growing evidence for a basal ganglia role in learning and reward, and in schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and drug addiction.

这个项目试图通过研究基底神经节如何控制运动，以及它们如何在帕金森病中发生故障，来连接基础科学和临床科学。它允许候选人，其背景是在正常的基底神经节解剖学和生理学，获得功能磁共振成像（fMRI）成像和运动障碍的研究实验。直到最近才有可能用功能性磁共振成像来对基底神经节进行成像。我们的初步研究结果表明，可靠的，体视性基底神经节激活的运动，明显的左优势基底神经节激活，并增加基底神经节激活在双边相比，单边任务。我们如何假设（1）基底神经节对竞争运动的顺序或抑制是重要的。(2)帕金森病患者的纹状体和皮层中与运动相关的激活发生了改变，这反映了他的抑制被破坏。(3)帕金森病的治疗方法，如多巴胺受体激动剂和苍白球病变（苍白球切开术）部分正常化这种改变激活，但以不同的方式。该项目将推进运动处理的基础神经科学。例如，苍白球切开术是一个独特的机会，以衡量精确放置在基底神经节回路病变的功能影响。这也会有直接的临床意义。目前还没有可靠的帕金森病诊断测试。功能磁共振成像在未来可能会被证明是这样一种测试。功能磁共振成像也可能允许独立调查帕金森病，如运动障碍患者，谁会受益于某些治疗。它可以帮助监测个体患者的治疗效果。最后，更好地了解基底神经节如何处理运动输入可能会提供线索，他们如何处理其他输入，主要是认知和边缘系统。这是非常有趣的，因为越来越多的证据表明基底神经节在学习和奖励中的作用，以及在精神分裂症，强迫症和药物成瘾中的作用。