Sociocultural Factors on Syringe Sharing and HIV Risks

描述（由申请人提供）：中国的艾滋病毒流行已 被描述为一个沉睡的巨人开始苏醒。注射毒品的使用 被认为是中国艾滋病传播的一个重要因素， 其中70%以上的累积病例是注射吸毒者。迄今为止， 中国吸毒人群艾滋病及相关健康风险调查 和监测方法，有效地揭示了许多关键的程度， 关心的行为。然而，到目前为止，只有有限的质量 中国注射吸毒人群艾滋病风险的民族志评估。这一事实导致 在评估实际“实地”风险行为狭窄基础上， 风险和风险促进的具体背景，风险扩散的途径，以及 社会、环境、结构和文化的确切性质 促进或延缓中国静脉吸毒者危险行为的因素。拟议 试点研究试图对社会、文化、 环境因素对广东省静脉吸毒者共用注射器行为的影响， 中国本研究的具体目的如下：1）全面考察 各种因素（文化，社会， 环境、经济和知识）， 注射器和其它注射设备（例如，炊具、水）。2)了解 社会文化信仰，意义和理解，基础共享 一般而言，并具体参考注射设备，在研究中 参与者3)测试招募积极外治人员的可行性 注射吸毒者通过：a）网络方法（雪球取样）-测试样品1; B） 社区外展-测试样本2; 4）利用研究结果制定 以研究为基础并了解文化情况的具体建议， 一项更大的研究，重点是了解注射器共享行为和艾滋病毒 在中国的预防注射吸毒者。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The HIV epidemic in China has been described as a sleeping giant that is beginning to stir. Injection drug use has been identified as a significant factor in the spread of HIV/AIDS in China, which more than 70 percent of accumulative cases are IDUs. To date, research on HIV and related health risks among drug users in China has emphasized survey and surveillance methods that effectively reveal the extent of many key behaviors of concern. However, thus far there has been only limited qualitative and ethnographic assessment of HIV risk among IDUs in China. This fact results in a narrow base upon which to assess actual "on-the-ground" risk behaviors, specific contexts of risk and risk promotion, pathways of risk diffusion, and the precise nature of the social, environmental, structural and cultural factors that promote or retard risk behaviors among Chinese IDUs. The proposed pilot study attempts to develop a comparative examination of social, cultural, and environmental factors in syringe sharing behavior among IDUs in Guangdong, China. The specific aims of the study are as follows: 1) To examine the full range and relative importance of various factors (cultural, social, environmental, economic and knowledge) that may contribute to sharing of syringe and other injection equipment (e.g., cookers, water). 2) To understand sociocultural beliefs, meanings, and understandings that underlie sharing generally and with specific reference to injection equipment, among study participants. 3) To test the feasibility of recruiting active out-treatment IDUs through: a) network method (snow ball sampling) - testing sample 1; b) community outreach - testing sample 2; 4) To use study findings to develop specific research-based and culturally informed recommendations for developing a larger study focusing on understanding syringe sharing behaviors and HIV prevention among IDUs in China.