Quantum Computing for Nuclear Physics

量子计算机是一种全新的计算机，其工作方式与标准计算机完全不同。利用量子力学定律，量子计算机可以使用比标准计算机更微妙的方式来存储和操作信息。它们特别适合于模拟自然系统，这些系统本身受量子力学定律的支配，比如原子和分子尺度的物体，以及更小的物体。为了做到这一点，需要新型的（量子）计算机程序。在这项工作中，我们将开发新的量子程序，以便在目前存在的真实量子计算机上运行，并为未来更复杂的量子计算机提出算法。我们将用这些来进行核物理计算，了解质子和中子如何结合在一起，形成每个原子的核心核，这些原子构成了从我们到已知宇宙中的恒星和星系的一切。

Quantum Computers are a wholly new kind of computer which work in a quite different way to standard computers. Using the laws of quantum mechanics allows quantum computers to use tricks to store and manipulate information in a more subtle way than on standard computers. They are particualrly well suited to simulating natural systems that themselves are dominated by the laws of quantum mechanics, such as things at the atomic and molecular scale, and smaller. In order to do this, new kinds of (quantum) computer programs are needed. In this work we will develop new quantum programs for running on real quantum computers as currently exist, as well as proposing algorithms for more sophisticated quantum computers of the futire. We will use these to perform calculations in nuclear physics - to understand how the protons and neutrons combine together to form the nucleus at the heart of every atom that makes up everything from us to the stars and galaxies across the known universe.