Social Isolation, Loneliness, Health & the Aging Process

描述(来自申请表)：建议计划的目的 格兰特项目是将社会学、心理学和生物学结合在一起 对与机制之间的关系进行分析的层次 潜在的社会孤立、孤独感、健康和衰老 进程。社会关系是情感成就感的基础， 行为调节和认知功能。最近的研究表明， 恋爱关系中的情感亲密度会随着年龄的增长而增加。然而，这一数字 社会关系减少，社交事件引发孤独 在老年人中继续进行。此外，他们的身体正在老化，并倾向于 不要那么顽强，这样这些心理社会挑战可能会离开 他们容易受到孤独感、焦虑感、情绪高涨和长期情绪的影响 神经内分泌应激反应和健康状况不佳。孤独预示着疾病 以及在以后的生活中，即使在控制了 健康行为和生物危险因素。理解的前置条件 孤独感及其对身心健康的影响 因此可以在老年人中进行有效的研究，这一点尤为重要 因为美国人的预期寿命增加了，大大增加了 老年人的数量。项目1在老年人中使用纵向设计 为了检验孤独的时间稳定性，孤独的预测因素 孤独的体验，以及生理的(例如，自主的)和 与孤独有关的行为影响(如健康行为、睡眠)。 项目2使用全国调查数据和关联的医疗保险索赔数据来检查 社会生活中孤独和压力的来源和后果 环境。项目3是一个易受社会孤立影响的动物模型 和干扰作为个体特征，识别特定的荷尔蒙和 免疫后遗症，增加感染和恶性疾病的风险 在衰老过程中。还有两个核心为 项目：核心A是行政核心，核心B是数据管理和 统计管理核心。

DESCRIPTION (from the application): The purpose of the proposed Program Project Grant is to bring together sociological, psychological, and biological levels of analyses to bear on the relationships among and mechanisms underlying social isolation, feelings of loneliness, health, and the aging process. Social relationships are fundamental to emotional fulfillment, behavioral adjustment, and cognitive function. Recent research has shown that emotional closeness in relationships increases with age. Yet the number of social relationships decreases and social events triggering loneliness continue in the older adult. Moreover, they are physically aging and tend to be less resilient so these psychosocial challenges could potentially leave them vulnerable to feelings of loneliness, dysphoria, elevated and prolonged neuroendocrine stress responses, and ill health. Loneliness predicts morbidity and mortality from broad based causes in later life even after controlling for health behaviors and biological risk factors. Understanding the antecedents of feelings of loneliness and their consequences for mental and physical health can thus be studied effectively in older adults and is particularly important because life expectancy has increased in the U.S., increasing dramatically the number of older adults. Project 1 uses a longitudinal design in older adults to examine the temporal stability of loneliness, the predictors of the experience of loneliness, and the physiological (e.g., autonomic) and behavioral (e.g., health behaviors, sleep) effects associated with loneliness. Project 2 uses national survey data and linked Medicare claims data to examine the origins and consequences of loneliness and stress in the social environment. Project 3 is an animal model of vulnerability to social isolation and disruption as an individual trait, identifying the specific hormonal and immunological sequelae that increase risk for infectious and malignant disease during aging. There are also two cores that provide broad support to the projects: Core A the administrative Core, and Core B the data management and statistical management core.