The UK Square Kilometre Array Regional Centre 2023-2025

英国平方公里阵列区域中心 2023-2025

• 批准号: ST/X002578/1
• 负责人: Keith Grainge
• 金额: $ 468.32万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FX002578%2F1
• 关键词: UK; Square; Kilometre; Array; Regional

The Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) is a large, next-generation radio telescope that is planned to be many times more sensitive than the current most sensitive telescopes in the world and transform our view of the Universe. It is a global mega-science project involving scientists and engineers from institutes and industry partners in 16 member countries. The Observatory comprises two telescope facilities; one located in South Africa, SKA-MID, to observe radio frequencies between 350MHz and 15.4GHz, and one located in Australia, SKA-LOW, to observe lower band frequencies between 50MHz and 350MHz. The SKAO's Global Headquarters (HQ), from where the SKA Design Authority directs and manages the whole SKA Programme, is adjacent to the University of Manchester's (UoM's) Jodrell Bank Observatory (JBO), home to the iconic Lovell telescope and operational HQ of the e-MERLIN interferometer, an SKA Pathfinder instrument. The SKA is one of a small number of flagship astronomical instruments that will span the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio to gamma rays, and beyond the electromagnetic spectrum to gravitational waves, cosmic rays and neutrinos, and whose collective aim is chart the full history of the universe from its beginnings in the Big Bang to the present day. The operation of the SKA Observatory assumes the existence of SKA Regional Centres (SRCs) to deliver a range of support to the science community. The SRCs are required in order to provide the main portal for scientists to access the SKA including provision of computing resources and support to enable the science user community to analyse and extract science from data products produced by the SKA. An SRC Network (SRCNet) will be made up of SRCs distributed around the world in SKA Member countries. Each SRC will be required to conform to agreed standards in protocols, data architecture and information management policies to ensure that they appear as a single federated entity to SKA users. The SRCNet will provide a collection of both services and infrastructure that will comprise a global capability to distribute, process and curate the data from the SKA telescopes. The SRCNet will provide the basic governance and operational model and structures, and the baseline functionality of the SRC network. SKAO member states and SRC stakeholders are already engaging in the design of the SRC Network. This joint proposal aims to deliver a working prototype of an SKA Regional Centre (SRC) node that will have 20% of thecapacity and 80% of the functionality required by a SRC node when SKA becomes fully operational. The UK's contribution to this work will bring international expertise in the areas of wide field radio interferometry, all sky pulsar and transient detection, the characterisation of radio flux data, e-infrastructure, advanced cloud technologies, cloud and hardware platforms, remote job provision, high throughput network and data movement, big data performant storage systems and hierarchies, identity management, scientific computing, high performance and GPU computing, the FAIRirification of digital artifacts, the automated archiving, curation, collection and co-ordination of data artifacts. All these are needed for a programme of work from 2023-2025 to ensure workflows with large datasets (>10-100TB) are tractable on the proposed UKSRC proto-node by 2024 to prepare the UK SKA Science Community for SKA science and to allow the UK to participate in SKA engineering commissioning work from 2024 onwards.

平方公里阵列天文台（SKAO）是一个大型的下一代射电望远镜，计划比目前世界上最灵敏的望远镜灵敏许多倍，并改变我们对宇宙的看法。这是一个全球性的大型科学项目，涉及来自16个成员国的研究所和行业合作伙伴的科学家和工程师。天文台包括两个望远镜设施；一个位于南非的SKA-MID，用于观测350MHz至15.4GHz之间的无线电频率，另一个位于澳大利亚的SKA-LOW，用于观测50MHz至350MHz之间的较低频段频率。SKAO的全球总部（HQ）是SKA设计机构指导和管理整个SKA项目的地方，毗邻曼彻斯特大学（UoM）的Jodrell Bank天文台（JBO），该天文台是标志性的Lovell望远镜和e-MERLIN干涉仪（SKA探路者仪器）的运营总部。SKA是少数旗舰天文仪器之一，它将跨越从无线电到伽马射线的整个电磁频谱，并超越电磁频谱到引力波，宇宙射线和中微子，其共同目标是绘制宇宙从大爆炸开始到现在的完整历史。SKA天文台的运作以SKA区域中心（src）的存在为前提，为科学界提供一系列支持。SRCs是为科学家提供访问SKA的主要门户，包括提供计算资源和支持，使科学用户社区能够分析和从SKA产生的数据产品中提取科学。一个SRC网络（SRCNet）将由分布在SKA成员国的SRC组成。每个SRC将被要求遵守协议、数据架构和信息管理政策的商定标准，以确保它们作为一个单一的联合实体出现在SKA用户面前。SRCNet将提供服务和基础设施的集合，将包括全球能力来分发、处理和管理来自SKA望远镜的数据。SRCNet将提供SRC网络的基本治理、运营模型和结构，以及基本功能。SKAO成员国和SRC利益相关者已经参与了SRC网络的设计。该联合提案旨在提供一个SKA区域中心（SRC）节点的工作原型，当SKA完全投入运行时，该节点将具有SRC节点所需的20%的容量和80%的功能。英国对这项工作的贡献将带来以下领域的国际专业知识：广域无线电干涉测量、所有天空脉冲星和瞬态探测、无线电通量数据特征、电子基础设施、先进云技术、云和硬件平台、远程工作提供、高吞吐量网络和数据移动、大数据高性能存储系统和层次结构、身份管理、科学计算、高性能和GPU计算。数字化文物的数字化，数据文物的自动归档、管理、收集和协调。所有这些都是2023-2025年工作计划所需要的，以确保到2024年在拟议的UKSRC原型节点上处理大型数据集（bbb10 - 100tb）的工作流程，为英国SKA科学界做好SKA科学准备，并允许英国参与SKA工程调试工作从2024年起。