Gaia CU9: facilitating UK exploitation of Gaia data

这项工作将确保GAIA数据以最适合英国科学利用的方式提供，支持英国在GAIA数据档案交付中的领导角色，参与科学要求定义、文档和档案设计的关键领域。盖亚是欧空局的基石任务，它提供了第一次天体测量天空普查。对20亿个数量级的源进行了调查；允许在银河系结构和演化、恒星演化、太阳系动力学、系外系、宇宙学和基础物理学方面取得重大进展。盖亚于2013年12月推出。第三次数据发布(2022年6月13日)产生的巨大数据集继续给天体物理学带来许多革命性的变化。第四次和第五次数据发布分别代表名义任务阶段和延长任务阶段的完整数据发布。随着完整的时代数据在两者中被公布，盖亚的全部潜力将被实现。这项提议是为了进一步支持联合王国对GAIA协调股9(CU9，GAIA档案的出版)作出的贡献，以促进GAIA数据的发布，特别是在以下方面：(1)组织和监督测试性测试活动；(2)协调发布文件和准备以不同格式提交文件；(3)加强档案工作，处理大量多维数据；(4)验证时间序列光度可变性数据；(5)支持TOPCAT公共访问接口软件的进一步开发。第四次数据发布是本授权期的重点，将涵盖60个月观测的所有新纪元数据，并包含天文测量、光度测量和径向速度方面的10^12个数量级条目。

This work will ensure Gaia data is made available in a manner which is optimal for UK science exploitation, by supporting UK leadership roles in the delivery of the Gaia Data Archive, with involvement in the key areas of science requirements definition, documentation, and archive design. Gaia is the cornerstone ESA mission which is providing the first astrometric census of the sky. Of order two billion sources are surveyed; allowing major advances in Galactic structure and evolution, stellar evolution, solar system dynamics, exoplanetary systems, cosmology and fundamental physics. Gaia was launched in December 2013. The huge data set resulting from the third data release (13 June 2022) continues to revolutionise much of astrophysics. The fourth and fifth data releases represent the full releases from the nominal mission and extended mission phases respectively. With the full epoch data to be released in both, the full potential of Gaia will be realised. This proposal is to further support the UK contributions to the Gaia Coordination Unit 9 (CU9, Publication of the Gaia archive) in enabling the Gaia data releases, especially in: (1) the organization and supervision of the beta-testing activities; (2) coordinating the release documentation and preparing the presentation of the documentation in different formats; (3) archive enhancements in dealing with high volume, multi-dimensional data; (4) Validation of the time series photometric variability data and (5) support for further developments of the TOPCAT public-access interface software. The fourth data release, the focus of this grant period, will cover all epoch data for 60 months of observations, and contain of order 10^12 entries, in astrometry, photometry and radial velocities.