Inducing novel broad spectrum disease resistance in wheat

诱导小麦新的广谱抗病性

• 批准号: TS/I001751/1
• 负责人: Duncan Cameron
• 金额: $ 30.4万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=TS%2FI001751%2F1
• 关键词: Inducing; novel; broad; spectrum; disease

This project will apply a novel high throughput screening methodology, combined with conventional breeding, to develop new wheat varieties in which broad spectrum tolerance and resistance to fungal pathogens and enhanced nutrient-use efficiency are simultaneously induced and selected via a novel mechanism. The UK farming industry spends about 30m on wheat fungicides, spraying an area of over 2 million hectares. This helps to maintain higher yields than for organically-grown wheat, but with significant financial and environmental costs. Now, implementation of the revision of 91/414/EEC means most of the effective fungicides (Cyproconazole, Fenbuconazole, Bitertanol, Carbendazim, Dinocap, Epoxiconazole, Fenbuconazole, Flusilazole, Iprodione, Mancozeb, Maneb, Metconazole, Quinoxyfen, Tebuconazole) against diseases of wheat are likely to be withdrawn, so that the risks of major crop failure are increased. This has serious implications for food security and farmer's incomes. The aim of this project is to combine recent advances in (1) fundamental plant biology, (2) high-throughput mass-spectrometry and (3) modern plant breeding techniques, in an innovative way to produce new varieties of wheat less dependant on pesticides and chemical inputs for optimal yields. The varieties will be selected with enhanced, and durable, broad spectrum resistance or tolerance to disease making them equally suited for use in conventional and organic farming systems. Field trials of candidate new varieties will be used to select the best variety for commercial development. Wheat will be used in this programme but, once implemented, the technology can be applied to many other crops.

该项目将应用一种新的高通量筛选方法，结合常规育种，开发新的小麦品种，其中广谱耐受性和对真菌病原体的抗性，并通过新的机制同时诱导和选择提高养分利用效率。英国农业在小麦杀菌剂上花费了大约3000万英镑，喷洒面积超过200万公顷。这有助于保持比有机种植小麦更高的产量，但需要付出巨大的财务和环境成本。91/414/EEC修订的实施意味着大部分对小麦病害有效的杀菌剂（环丙唑醇、腈苯唑醇、双三唑醇、多菌灵、敌乐克、环唑醇、腈苯唑醇、氟硅唑、异菌脲、代森锰锌、代森锰、叶菌唑、喹氧醚、戊唑醇）可能退出市场，从而增加了小麦大面积歉收的风险。这对粮食安全和农民收入产生了严重影响。该项目的目的是联合收割机（1）基础植物生物学，（2）高通量质谱和（3）现代植物育种技术的最新进展，以创新的方式生产新品种的小麦，减少对农药和化学投入的依赖，以获得最佳产量。这些品种将被选择具有增强的、持久的、广谱的抗病性或耐受性，使它们同样适用于传统和有机农业系统。候选新品种的田间试验将用于选择商业开发的最佳品种。小麦将用于该方案，但一旦实施，该技术可应用于许多其他作物。

项目成果

The interactive effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria synergistically enhance host plant defences against pathogens.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16697-4
• 发表时间: 2017-11-27
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Pérez-de-Luque A;Tille S;Johnson I;Pascual-Pardo D;Ton J;Cameron DD
• 通讯作者: Cameron DD