Welcome Arrivals? The Ecology and Distribution of Range-Shifting Gilthead Seabream Sparus aurata in UK Inshore Waters

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• 批准号: 1622819
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1622819
• 关键词: Welcome; Arrivals; Ecology; Distribution; Range

With species range shifts and expansions due to climate change it is essential to identify potential new target species for UK fisheries and aquaculture and to ensure the sustainable exploitation of these new and shifting resources through appropriate regulation. CEFAS - the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science - is currently conducting a project("C-Bass") to study and model spatial population dynamics of European sea bass to support the conservation of this commercially and recreationally important fish species. A stated aim of that project is to apply the methodology that is being developed for bass to a number of other important species, including gilthead bream (Sparus aurata). The latter is, commercially and recreationally, one of the most sought after warm-temperate marine fish species in Europe. It has been the subject of aquaculture in the Mediterranean Sea for many centuries and is currently the most prolifically farmed fish there. Predominantly a warm water fish, the northern limit of its range is in the English Channel and Celtic Sea. The rise of sea surface water temperatures, as a consequence of climate change, is thought to be responsible for an apparent range expansion of gilthead bream in recent decades, with the species now being commonly caught in a number of Cornish estuaries. With further climate warning this species is likely to expand its range further along the British coast.This studentship project is a collaboration between CEFAS and the University of Exeter's Centre for Ecology and Conservation in Cornwall. The overall aims are to gain a better understanding of the local population ecology and movements of gilthead bream. Using a variety of techniques (tagging, analysis of growth rings in earbones, diet analysis etc) we will determine: to what extend fish in Cornwall are migrants or locally born and bred; what the size- and age-structure is of the population (especially important because gilthead bream start life as male and undergo sex change to become female in their 3rd or 4th year); how much the fish move between estuaries; where the fish spend the winter months (Southern Europe or deep water off Cornwall?); and how this species is integrated in the local food web - whichprey does it eat at different ages? This information will be fed into models to predict this species' further range expansion, based on climate predictions, and will then be used to develop a spatial population model (based on the C-Bass model) that can be used to inform management of this valuable species. This collaboration between CEFAS and the University of Exeter will provide the student with excellent training in fundamental population biology that is directly relevant to fisheries management. The UoE Penryn campus in Cornwall is geographically ideally situated and the academic supervisors have the expertise required to succesfully lead the field based research. This collaboration provides CEFAS therefore with an excellent opportunity to expand their stakeholder-driven research to a new and important species. In return, the University of Exeter benefits from the high level of expertise in all aspects of fisheries research at CEFAS which allows for the development of a new study system with real impactpotential on the Penryn Campus doorstep.

随着气候变化导致物种范围的变化和扩大，有必要确定英国渔业和水产养殖业潜在的新目标物种，并通过适当的监管确保这些新的和变化的资源的可持续利用。 CEFAS（环境、渔业和水产养殖科学中心）目前正在进行一个项目（“C-Bass”），研究欧洲鲈鱼的空间种群动态并对其进行建模，以支持保护这种具有重要商业和娱乐意义的鱼类。该项目的既定目标是将针对鲈鱼开发的方法应用于许多其他重要物种，包括金头鲷（Sparus aurata）。从商业和娱乐角度来看，后者是欧洲最受欢迎的暖温带海洋鱼类之一。几个世纪以来，它一直是地中海水产养殖的主题，目前是地中海产量最多的养殖鱼类。主要是温水鱼，其活动范围的北限是英吉利海峡和凯尔特海。气候变化导致海面水温上升，被认为是近几十年来金头鲷分布范围明显扩大的原因，目前该物种在康沃尔的一些河口经常被捕获。随着进一步的气候警告，该物种可能会进一步扩大其在英国海岸的活动范围。该学生项目是 CEFAS 和康沃尔郡埃克塞特大学生态与保护中心之间的合作项目。总体目标是更好地了解当地种群生态和金头鲷的活动。使用各种技术（标记、耳骨中的年轮分析、饮食分析等），我们将确定：康沃尔郡的鱼类在多大程度上是移民或本地出生和繁殖的；种群的规模和年龄结构是怎样的（特别重要，因为金头鲷在生命开始时是雄性，并在第三或第四年经历变性成为雌性）；鱼在河口之间移动的距离；鱼儿过冬的地方（南欧或康沃尔郡附近的深水区？）；以及这个物种如何融入当地的食物网 - 它在不同年龄吃哪些猎物？这些信息将被输入到模型中，以根据气候预测预测该物种的进一步范围扩张，然后用于开发空间种群模型（基于 C-Bass 模型），该模型可用于为该有价值物种的管理提供信息。 CEFAS 和埃克塞特大学之间的合作将为学生提供与渔业管理直接相关的基础种群生物学方面的优秀培训。位于康沃尔郡的 UoE Penryn 校区地理位置优越，学术导师拥有成功领导实地研究所需的专业知识。因此，此次合作为 CEFAS 提供了一个绝佳的机会，将其利益相关者驱动的研究扩展到新的重要物种。作为回报，埃克塞特大学受益于 CEFAS 在渔业研究各个方面的高水平专业知识，这使得能够在彭林校区门口开发具有真正影响潜力的新研究系统。