CHILD WELFARE, LEGAL PRACTICE, & ALASKA NATIVE IDENTITY

儿童福利、法律实践、

• 批准号: 6294603
• 负责人: CAROLINE L BROWN
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-15 至 2001-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6294603
• 关键词: Alaska; Alaskan Native American; behavioral /social science research tag; child foster care /adoption; child welfare; community; court; culture; decision making; electronic recording system; field study; human rights; human subject; identity; interview; legal /correctional; mental health; outcomes research; politics; quality of life; racial /ethnic difference; role; social service evaluation; telecommunications

This research examines the impact of legislation and related regulations on child protective services in the Alaska native villages of Interior Alaska. Over the past two decades, Congress has enacted a series of laws to positively address the effects of an historic mass removal and out- adoption of native children from their communities while attempt to protect those children who may be at risk. However, the efficacy of this system is challenged by jurisdictional conflicts between the state and tribes, as well as chronic, documented problems that plague the state's efforts to meet the mandates of the legislation. While agencies have acknowledged the existence of problems in native child welfare proceedings, proposed remedies thus far have focused only on facilitating procedures more than addressing the cultural and political issues at the heart of these laws. This project will develop an ethnographic study of how tribes handle child welfare cases, ensuring appropriate delivery of social services to meet the emotional and physical needs of native children, both on the village level and though intervention in state courts. This research will draw on relevant social scientific theoretical and comparative perspectives to explore how the "best interests" of native children are worked out in the negotiations between state courts and Athabascan tribal courts, evaluating the efficacy of a social service delivery system split between tribal and state courts.

本研究探讨立法及相关法规对阿拉斯加内陆原住民村庄儿童保护服务的影响。在过去的二十年里，国会颁布了一系列法律，积极解决历史性的大规模驱逐和从社区外收养土著儿童的影响，同时试图保护那些可能处于危险中的儿童。然而，这一制度的效力受到国家和部落之间管辖权冲突的挑战，以及长期存在的、记录在案的问题，这些问题困扰着国家努力满足立法的要求。虽然各机构承认土著儿童福利程序中存在问题，但迄今提出的补救办法只侧重于便利程序，而不是解决这些法律核心的文化和政治问题。该项目将开展一项民族志研究，研究部落如何处理儿童福利案件，确保在村庄一级和通过州法院的干预提供适当的社会服务，以满足土著儿童的情感和身体需要。本研究将借鉴相关的社会科学理论和比较观点，探讨在州法院和阿萨巴斯坎部落法院之间的谈判中，土著儿童的“最大利益”是如何制定的，评估部落法院和州法院之间社会服务提供系统的效力。