CHILDREN OF BATTERED WOMEN--RISKS AND RESILIENCY

描述(申请人摘要)：先前的研究表明 暴露在家庭暴力中的儿童患上许多和 心理问题。然而，研究发现，儿童的韧性 受到许多变量的积极影响，包括母亲的幸福， 在他们的生活中有一个导师的存在，以及参与家庭事务 暴力支持和教育团体。因此，拟议的研究是 旨在检查基于社区的集约型 干预，提供给随机分配的研究参与者的一半。 实验干预是基于之前两次成功的干预 一位是被虐待的女性，另一位是被虐待的 妇女和她们的孩子。干预措施将提供给家庭 免费，将持续四个月，涉及三个主要部分： (1)对母亲和儿童的宣传和支持；(3)发展或 加强每一个孩子和一个 和(4)提供为期12周的支持和 孩子们的教育小组。多方法、多源战略 将被用来衡量感兴趣的变量。以下假设 被提出来指导研究议程。(A)患有疾病的儿童 准职业倡导者将展示1)改善心理和 行为调整--增强自我能力，减少抑郁，减少 问题行为；2)更强的应对家庭暴力的能力 减少自责，更明确的安全计划，对家庭暴力的认识 警示信号，较少使用暴力作为应对策略，较少接受 来自他人的暴力；3)提高出勤率和学业 成就，以及4)与积极接触的数量和质量的增加 成人导师。 (B)处于实验状态的母亲将表现出1)更多的机会 社区资源和增强的继续访问所需资源的能力 资源；2)增加社会支持；3)增加 积极的育儿技巧。此外，预计改进将会是 在这些具体资源中，将导致改善母亲的 心理健康(改善生活质量，减少抑郁， 和减轻育儿压力)。 (C)改善母亲的成果(例如，资源、社会支助、 育儿技能、心理健康)将部分地调节 宣教干预对儿童心理健康的影响 行为调整(提高自我能力，减少抑郁，减少 问题行为)。 预计所有干预效果都将随着时间的推移而持续下去。除了……之外 关于干预的中心假设，我们将检查对 几种变量的儿童结局被认为是温和的儿童 随着时间的推移进行调整和恢复。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): Prior research has suggested that children exposed to domestic violence are at increased risk for numerous and psychological problems. However, children's resilience has been found to be positively affected by a number of variables, including mother's well-being, the presence of a mentor in their lives, and participation in domestic violence support and education groups. Therefore, the proposed study was designed to examine the effectiveness of an intensive, community-based intervention, provided to half the randomly assigned study participants. The experimental intervention is based on two prior successful interventions of the principal investigator's, one with abused women, and one with abused women and their children. The intervention will be provided to families free of charge, will last four months, and involves three major components: (1) advocacy and support for mothers and the children; (3) developing or enhancing a positive, mentoring relationship between each child and a significant adult in their lives; and (4) providing a 12-week support and education group for the children. Multi-method, multi-source strategies will be used to measure the variables of interest. The following hypotheses are posed to guide the research agenda. (a) Children who with paraprofessional advocates will show 1) improved psychological and behavioral adjustment--increased self-competence, reduced depression, fewer problem behavior; 2) greater ability to cope with domestic violence-- reduced self-blame, clearer safety plans, awareness of domestic violence warning signs, less use of violence as a coping strategy, less acceptance of violence from others; 3) improved school attendance and academic achievement, and 4) increased quantity and quality of contact with positive adult mentors. (b) Mothers in the experimental condition will show 1) increased access to community resources and increased ability to continue to access needed resources; 2) increased social support; and 3) an increased repertoire of positive parenting skills. Further, it is anticipated that 4) improvements in these concrete resources will lead to improvements in mothers' psychological well-being (improved quality of life, decreased depression, and reduced parenting stress). (c) Improvements in mothers' outcomes (e.g., resources, social support, parenting skills, psychological well-being) will partially mediate the effects of the advocacy intervention on the children's psychological and behavioral adjustment (increased self-competence, reduced depression, fewer problem behaviors). All intervention effects are expected to persist over time. In addition to the central hypotheses about the intervention, we will examine the impact on children's outcomes of several variales thought to moderate children's adjustment and resilience over time.