Stress, Coping, and Well-Being of Custodial Grandparents

描述（由申请人提供）：总体目标是检查压力和 在监护祖父母之间的应对，一个不断增长但研究不足的 家庭照顾者人口。不断增长的需求之间的复杂联系， 应对行为、资源、评价与身心健康结果 将随机抽取900名具有全国代表性的样本进行探索 由于滥用药物而抚养孙辈（4至16岁）的祖父母， 父母忽视孩子的其他原因。在900名祖父母中， 通过多重网络抽样和随机数字拨号， 700个祖母和200个祖父来自同一个家庭。数据将 通过混合模式调查收集，包括电话采访和邮寄 问卷调查目的1是检验祖母的两因素模型， 家庭压力与应对研究中的心理幸福感 照顾者对老年人使用结构方程模型。抑郁 症状和心理健康被认为是不同的结果， 每一个都有独特的前因，在压力和应对的一般模型中。 身体健康被视为一种重要的资源和成果。过去的研究 涉及小的便利样本，并没有检查结果 在仔细指定的理论模型的多元背景下。目的 2是确定模型的结构和测量方面是否 对于黑人（n = 350）和白色（n = 350）祖母是不变的。现存研究 涉及白色或黑人祖父母， 涉及两个种族的调查结果模棱两可。目标3：比较 祖母和祖父沿着模型中的关键重叠结构。 在过去的研究中，监护权祖父在很大程度上被忽视， 假设报告参与度较低，满意度较高， 压力和抑郁与监护祖父母的关系比祖母更密切。 还将探讨种族与性别之间可能的相互作用。目标4：获得 基线数据，以便进行初步的横断面调查 进行纵向研究。目标5是将数据存档，供最终使用， 其他研究人员;这项研究的结果将告知发展 为帮助监护祖父母及其家庭而专门制定的干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The global aim is to examine stress and coping among custodial grandparents, a growing but inadequately studied population of family caregivers. The complex links between caregiving demands, coping behaviors, resources, appraisals and physical and mental health outcomes will be explored with a random, nationally-representative sample of 900 grandparents raising grandchildren (ages 4 to 16) due to substance abuse and other causes of child neglect by parents. Of the 900 grandparents, recruited through multiplicity network sampling with random digit dialing, there will be 700 grandmothers and 200 grandfathers from the same households. Data will be collected by a mixed-mode survey including phone interviews and mailed questionnaires. Aim 1 is to test a two-factor model of grandmothers' psychological well-being adapted from stress and coping research on family caregivers to the elderly using structural equation modeling. Depressive symptoms and psychological well-being are regarded as distinct outcomes, with each having unique antecedents within a general model of stress and coping. Physical health is viewed as both a key resource and outcome. Past studies have involved small convenience samples, and have not examined caregiving outcomes within the multivariate context of carefully specified theoretical models. Aim 2 is to determine if both the structural and measurement aspects of the model are invariant for Black (n=350) and White (n=350) grandmothers. Extant studies have involved either White or Black grandparents, and the rare studies involving both races have yielded equivocal findings. Aim 3 is to compare grandmothers and grandfathers along key caregiving constructs within the model. Custodial grandfathers, who have been largely overlooked in past research, are hypothesized to report lower involvement, greater satisfaction, and less role strain and depression related to custodial grandparenting than do grandmothers. Possible race by gender interactions will also be explored. Aim 4 is to obtain baseline data so that this initial cross-sectional investigation may evolve into a longitudinal study. Aim 5 is to archive the data for eventual use by other researchers; The findings of this study will inform the development of interventions tailored to assist custodial grandparents and their families.