Everyday Decision Making

日常决策

• 批准号: 6400971
• 负责人: Julie Marie Patrick
• 金额: $ 7.3万
• 依托单位: WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-15 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6400971
• 关键词: age difference; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; choice; clinical research; cognition; computer program /software; decision making; experience; functional ability; housing; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; information seeking behavior; intelligence; interview; locus of control; mental health epidemiology; performance; psychological tests; psychometrics; racial /ethnic difference; satisfaction; self concept; short term memory; socioeconomics

The goals of the 1-year study are to examine age and experience differences in strategic information search; examine the utility of various measures of decision quality; and explore the relationships among measures of task performance, decision quality and psychometric measures of intelligence. Thus, the study has the potential to significantly advance the current methodology and empirical knowledge base concerning higher-order cognitive processing in decision making. To accomplish these goals, the study proposes to examine measures of cognitive ability, task performance, and decision quality using data from 150 adults over age 50, stratified such that half will be age 70+. Such a contrast is well-founded given the observed differences in cognitive capacity, strategies, and motivations between those over and under age 70. In order to maximize the relevance of the task materials, realistic task materials for a decision-making task are drawn from the domains of relocation and consumer purchases. Individuals will make decisions for themselves and for hypothetical others. It is hypothesized that Task Performance measures will directly predict Decision Quality, whereas measures of Cognitive Ability will indirectly impact Decision Quality. A path analytic model will be used to test the multivariate relations among the various measures and constructs.

这项为期一年的研究的目标是考察在战略信息搜索方面的年龄和经验差异；考察各种决策质量测量的效用；并探索任务绩效测量、决策质量测量和智力心理测量之间的关系。因此，这项研究有可能显著推进当前关于决策中高阶认知加工的方法论和经验知识基础。为了实现这些目标，该研究建议使用150名50岁以上成年人的数据来检查认知能力、任务表现和决策质量的衡量标准，其中一半人的年龄在70岁以上。考虑到70岁以上和70岁以下的人在认知能力、策略和动机方面的差异，这种对比是有充分依据的。为了最大限度地提高任务材料的相关性，从搬迁和消费者购买领域中提取了用于决策任务的现实任务材料。个人会为自己和假想中的他人做决定。假设任务绩效测量将直接预测决策质量，而认知能力测量将间接影响决策质量。路径分析模型将被用来检验各种测量和结构之间的多变量关系。