EFFECTIVENESS OF INFLUENZA AND PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION IN PREVENTING HOSPITALISATION DUE TO PNEUMONIA IN OLDER PERSONS

流感和肺炎球菌疫苗预防老年人因肺炎住院的效果

• 批准号: nhmrc : 146500
• 负责人: A/Pr Susan Skull
• 金额: $ 17.24万
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2001-01-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/effectiveness-influenza-pneumococcal-older-persons/96042
• 关键词: EFFECTIVENESS; INFLUENZA; PNEUMOCOCCAL; VACCINATION; PREVENTING

Flu and pneumococcus remain important causes of illness and death in Australia. They can cause pneumonia and severe respiratory illness, including death, especially in older people. This is because natural immunity against infections tends to decrease with age. Vaccination against flu and pneumococcus is therefore recommended for all persons aged 65 years or older, but only in Victoria are both vaccines publicly funded. The Victorian initiative appears to have had a marked impact on improving vaccination coverage, but its impact on disease has never been assessed. This study will estimate vaccination coverage, missed vaccination opportunities, effectiveness of flu and pneumococcal vaccines in preventing hospitalisation for pneumonia, and cost-effectiveness of the currently funded vaccination program in this age group. This is considered a priority because of the serious but preventable nature of the diseases caused by these infections. This study will improve awareness of the importance of vaccination among individuals, and given the high estimated vaccine coverage in older Victorians, is well placed to provide the first available evidence for or against effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of flu and pneumococcal vaccination in older Australians. The results may have major implications for public health policy in Victoria and elsewhere in Australia.

流感和肺炎球菌仍然是澳大利亚疾病和死亡的重要原因。它们会导致肺炎和严重的呼吸道疾病，包括死亡，尤其是老年人。这是因为针对感染的自然免疫力往往会随着年龄的增长而降低。因此，建议所有 65 岁或以上的人接种流感和肺炎球菌疫苗，但只有在维多利亚州这两种疫苗都是公共资助的。维多利亚州的举措似乎对提高疫苗接种覆盖率产生了显着影响，但其对疾病的影响从未得到评估。这项研究将估计疫苗接种覆盖率、错过的疫苗接种机会、流感和肺炎球菌疫苗在预防肺炎住院方面的有效性，以及该年龄段目前资助的疫苗接种计划的成本效益。由于这些感染引起的疾病虽然严重但可以预防，因此这被认为是一个优先事项。这项研究将提高个人对疫苗接种重要性的认识，并且鉴于维多利亚州老年人的疫苗覆盖率估计较高，这项研究有能力为澳大利亚老年人接种流感和肺炎球菌疫苗的有效性和成本效益提供第一个可用证据，支持或反对疫苗接种的有效性和成本效益。结果可能对维多利亚州和澳大利亚其他地方的公共卫生政策产生重大影响。