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Neurophysiological correlates of swarming behaviour in desert locusts.

沙漠蝗虫群居行为的神经生理学相关性。

基本信息

批准号：
1915119
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Leicester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1915119
关键词：
Neurophysiological correlates swarming behaviour desert

项目摘要

Desert locusts Schistocerca gregaria are grasshoppers that can swarm. This defining characteristic of locusts - swarm formation or 'phase change' - comes about because their behaviour, morphology and physiology change in response to environmental cues. At low population densities, locusts avoid each other and do not swarm, but as populations grow, contact between the animals causes them to begin to actively aggregate: a process called gregarisation that leads to a spiralling population growth and the formation of vast coherent and devastating swarms containing millions or billions of individuals. The remarkable behavioural alterations must come about through modifications (plasticity) of neuronal activity and synaptic properties, but surprisingly little is known about the pathways or mechanisms involved. In this project we will use a range of techniques, including in vivo electrophysiology, to examine the neurophysiological correlates of environmentally-induced behavioural plasticity in this powerful model system. How does the control of posture and locomotion differ between swarming and non-swarming locusts? How quickly do the differences arise during swarm formation? Do particular stress-related molecules ('heat shock proteins') regulate variability in limb control and/or the changes that occur during swarm formation?

沙漠蝗虫（Schistocerca gregaria）是一种可以群集的蝗虫。蝗虫的这种决定性特征——群体形成或“相变”——是因为它们的行为、形态和生理会对环境线索做出反应而发生变化。在种群密度较低的情况下，蝗虫相互躲避，不会聚集在一起，但随着种群数量的增长，动物之间的接触导致它们开始积极聚集：这一过程被称为群居化，导致种群数量螺旋式增长，形成巨大的、一致的、毁灭性的、包含数百万或数十亿个体的蝗群。这种显著的行为改变一定是通过神经元活动和突触特性的改变（可塑性）产生的，但令人惊讶的是，人们对其中的途径或机制知之甚少。在这个项目中，我们将使用一系列技术，包括体内电生理学，来检查在这个强大的模型系统中环境诱导的行为可塑性的神经生理学相关性。群居蝗虫和非群居蝗虫对姿态和运动的控制有何不同？在蜂群形成过程中，差异出现的速度有多快？是否有特定的应激相关分子（“热休克蛋白”）调节肢体控制的可变性和/或群体形成过程中发生的变化？