IMPLICATIONS OF CORTICAL PLASTICITY FOR REHABILITATION

脑损伤，如中风后发生的脑损伤，通常会导致脑损伤。 功能性行为缺陷或残疾。赤字的规模 或残疾是由梗死的组织损失以及 重组或“可塑性”的数量，可以发生在 重组了脑组织拟议研究的总体目标是 这个PPG是开发一个知识体系，将识别神经 适合康复干预的机制减少或将 改善受伤后的运动缺陷或残疾。程序 项目有四个科学项目和一个核心。项目带来 免费的工具来理解神经元的活动 在人类和非人类灵长类动物大脑的康复过程中。一 这种方法的优点在于它允许应用组合 以协调的方式研究大脑皮层 重组和功能康复。经颅磁 在项目1中提出了刺激（TMS）研究，以使我们能够 功能性地绘制大脑重组区域， 任何皮质重组的功能意义， 肢体运动项目2允许采集精细的空间分辨率 在项目1中测量的生理皮层结果图， TMS。项目3将使我们能够了解在 单位级的分析。这利用了许多神经元记录 由于猕猴与人类的密切关系， 因为电机性能相似。脑梗死的类型 诱导的与项目1中人群中观察到的相同 & 2，并使用许多相同的行为措施。单一单元记录 然后可以将数据与项目中获得的fMRI和TMS数据进行比较 1和2。在项目4中，我们将使用相同的记录技术， 与项目3相同的行为测量，但将评估大脑的影响 通过对相同皮质区域进行直接局灶性消融造成的损伤 参与项目3中确定的中风。因此，项目4将有助于 我们来确定大脑的特定区域负责 项目3中中风后的功能缺陷。此外，项目 4将决定哪些区域在有益的 从这种损伤中恢复后的重组过程。

Injury to the brain, such as occurs following stroke, often results in a functional behavioral deficit or disability. The magnitude of the deficit or disability is determined both by tissue loss to the infarct as well as the amount of reorganization or "plasticity" that can take place in the reorganized brain tissue. The overall goal of the proposed research in this PPG is to develop a body of knowledge that will identify neural mechanisms amenable to rehabilitative intervention reduce or that would ameliorate motor deficits or disabilities following injury. The program project has four scientific projects and one core. The projects bring complimentary tools to bear on understanding the neuronal events involved in the rehabilitative process in human to non-human primate brain. A strength of this approach is that it allows application of a combination of techniques in a coordinated fashion to investigate cortical reorganization and functional rehabilitation. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies are proposed in Project 1 to allow us to functionally map reorganized regions of the brain and assesses the functional significance of any cortical reorganization with respect to limb movement. Project 2 allows the acquisition of fine spatially resolved maps of physiological cortical consequence as measured in Project 1 by TMS. Project 3 will allow us to understand the reorganizational process at the single unit level of analysis. This utilizes the many neuron recording procedures in macaque monkeys, due to their close relation to humans and because of similarity in motor performance. The types of infarcts to be induced are identical to those seen in the human population in projects 1 & 2, and use many of the same behavioral measures. Single unit recording data can then be compared with the fMRI and TMS data obtained in projects 1 & 2. In project 4 we will utilize the same recording techniques and behavioral measures as in project 3 but will assess the effects of brain damage by making direct focal ablations of the same cortical regions involved in stroke as determined in Project 3. Thus, project 4 will help us to identify the specific regions of the brain responsible for the functional deficits following strokes in Project 3. In addition, project 4 will determine which regions are most crucial in the beneficial reorganizational process following recovery from such lesions.