Gender, Drinking Pattens, Health & Services Seeking

男人和女人的饮酒习惯有很大的不同。为了研究这些差异如何以及为什么影响卫生服务的使用，我们建议研究性别和饮酒模式如何与健康行为、健康相关态度和健康/功能状态相互作用，从而影响使用不同类型卫生保健服务的意愿，包括预防保健、常规门诊护理、急诊护理、住院治疗、专业药物滥用和精神卫生保健服务。在这项前瞻性研究中，我们将对成年HMO成员（N=15,000）进行大规模调查，将他们的回答与调查前一年和调查后一年的健康计划服务使用记录联系起来，并对调查受访者的子样本（N= 150）进行一系列深度访谈。我们的目标是：1)确定性别如何影响饮酒模式、与健康有关的态度和行为以及健康/功能状态之间的关系；2)确定性别如何影响饮酒模式、与健康有关的态度和行为、当前健康和功能状况以及随后使用卫生保健服务的类型和数量之间的联合关系；3)探讨不同饮酒模式的男性和女性寻求或避免不同类型卫生保健服务的潜在原因和动机。这项研究的结果将提高我们开发针对性别的筛查和干预程序的能力，从而减少与饮酒模式和其他健康行为相关的不良健康后果。

Men and women differ considerably in their drinking patterns. To examine how and why these differences affect use of health services, we propose to study how gender and drinking patterns interact with health behaviors, health-related attitudes, and health/functional status, to affect willingness to use different types of health care services-preventive care, routine outpatient care, emergency care, hospitalizations, and specialty substance abuse and mental health care services. In this prospective study, we will conduct a large survey of adult HMO members (N=15,000), link their responses to health plan records of service use in the year before and the year following the survey, and complete a series of in-depth interviews with a sub-sample (n=150) of survey respondents. Our aims will be: 1) to determine how gender affects the relationships between drinking patterns, health-related attitudes and behaviors, and health/functional status; 2) to determine how gender affects the joint relationships between drinking patterns, health-related attitudes and behaviors, current health and functional status, and subsequent types and amounts of health care service use; and 3) to explore the underlying reasons and motivations for seeking or avoiding different types of health care services among men and women with different drinking patterns. Results from this study will advance our ability to develop gender-specific screening and intervention procedures that reduce adverse health consequences related to drinking patterns and other health behaviors.