Seismic Liquefaction of Mine Tailings

采矿过程中的剩余废物或尾矿，最常见的处理方式是将碎石与水混合，并将其作为浆液泵入大型泻湖，这些泻湖由尾矿中较粗的部分建造的大坝保留。泻湖中沉积物的疏松状态促进了它们的液化，因此大坝坍塌的后果可能非常严重，因为通常数百万立方米的废物的释放会造成生命、家园、生计和广泛的环境破坏。自1917年以来，已经发生了245起尾矿库事故。2008年，中国襄汾县的坍塌事故造成277人死亡，但这些灾害绝不局限于发展中经济体。1985年在意大利斯塔瓦，因山坡上的一座大坝坍塌而引发的泥石流以90公里/小时的速度沿着山谷向下移动，造成268人死亡。该项目将与中国矿业大学、北京戈尔德联合公司合作，研究地震载荷下尾矿材料的液化。这项研究将是一项实验性质的研究，将在土力工程研究实验室进行高级实验室测试。

The residual waste from mining processes, or tailings, are most commonly disposed of by mixing the ground rock with water and pumping them as a slurry into large lagoons retained by dams constructed from the coarser part of the tailings. The very loose state of the sediments in the lagoon promotes their liquefaction, so that the consequences of dam failure can be very severe, through loss of life, homes, livelihoods and widespread environmental damage from the release often of millions of cubic metres of waste. Since 1917 there have been more than 245 tailings dam incidents. The failure in 2008 in Xiangfen County, China, caused 277 deaths, but these disasters are by no means restricted to developing economies, and in 1985 at Stava, Italy, the debris flow resulting from the failure of a dam built on a hillside travelled down the valley at 90km/h killing 268. The project will investigate the liquefaction of tailings materials under seismic loading, collaborating with the China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing and Golder associates. The research will be of an experimental nature, by means of advanced laboratory testing in the Geotechnical Engineering Research Laboratory.