BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACES FOR COMMUNICATION AND CONTROL

描述（由申请人提供）：脑机接口（BCI）提供 它们的用户通信和控制信道不依赖于 大脑正常的神经肌肉输出通道。在过去的十年里， 脑机接口研究的发展速度也很快。 促进和鼓励 对大脑功能的新认识，由强大的低成本 计算机，以及越来越多的人的需求和潜力的赞赏 对于残疾人，这项工作的重点是发展新的通信， 控制技术对于那些有严重的运动障碍，如肌萎缩 脊髓侧索硬化、脑干中风、脑瘫和脊髓损伤。 目前的脑机接口使用EEG活动或皮层单单位活动来控制 光标移动，选择字母或图标，或操作神经假体。 BCI研究本质上是一个跨学科的努力，涉及 神经科学、心理学、工程学、数学、计算机科学， 临床康复进步需要所有这些的相互作用 学科，没有标准的场地，把他们都聚集在一起。在 认识到这一需要和最近BCI研究的爆炸性增长， 国家医疗康复研究中心（NIH）赞助， 沃兹沃斯中心于1999年组织了第一届国际脑机接口会议 在纽约奥尔巴尼附近的伦斯勒维尔研究所。它汇集了 来自24个美国和外国实验室的研究人员， 学科基金会的支持使许多研究生和 博士后研究员参加。会议通过了18项经同行审议的 IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering的相关论文。 自那次会议以来，在很大程度上由于跨学科的互动， 在它的推动下，BCI研究继续快速增长。该提案寻求 第二届BCI国际会议的核心资金，将在 Rensselaerlerville研究所，2002年6月12日至16日，上一次会议三年后， 会议第一天将提供每个BCI实验室的简明更新。的 接下来的两个专题讨论小组将讨论四个关键问题： 不同脑信号和信号分析的优缺点 方法;（2）将这些信号转换为设备的替代方法 （3）对用户和用户培训最有价值的应用程序;（4） 设计研究以及评估和比较研究结果的标准。 晚上将提供海报和BCI演示。基础支撑 根据这项建议的成功与否，将资助学生和研究员。 会议记录将作为同行评议的文章在专门的问题上发表 IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering神经系统与康复工程 这 会议应极大地鼓励和促进持续的BCI研究， 发展

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) give their users communication and control channels that do not depend on the brain's normal neuromuscular output channels. In the last decade, the volume and pace of BCI research have grown rapidly. Facilitated and encouraged by new understanding of brain function, by the advent of powerful low-cost computers, and by growing appreciation of the needs and potentials of people with disabilities, this work concentrates on developing new communication and control technology for those with severe motor disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, brainstem stroke, cerebral palsy, and spinal cord injury. Current BCIs use EEG activity or cortical single-unit activity to control cursor movement, select letters or icons, or operate a neuroprosthesis. BCI research is an inherently interdisciplinary effort, involving neuroscience, psychology, engineering, mathematics, computer science, and clinical rehabilitation. Progress requires the interaction of all these disciplines, there is no standard venue that brings them all together. In recognition of this need and of the recent explosive growth in BCI research, the National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NIH) sponsored, and the Wadsworth Center organized, the First International BCI Meeting in 1999 at the Rensselaerville Institute near Albany N.Y. It brought together researchers from 24 American and foreign labs and from all the relevant disciplines. Foundation support allowed many graduate students and postdoctoral fellows to participate. The meeting resulted in 18 peer-reviewed papers in IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering. Since that meeting and in large part due to the interdisciplinary interactions it fostered, BCI research has continued to grow rapidly. This proposal seeks core funding for the Second International BCI Meeting, to take place at the Rensselaerlerville Institute, June 12-16, 2002, three years after the last meeting. The first day will provide concise updates from each BCI lab. The next two will feature panel-led discussions of four crucial issues: (1) the advantages and disadvantages of different brain signals and signal analysis methods; (2) alternative methods for translating these signals into device commands; (3) applications of most value to users and user training; (4) standards for designing studies and for assessing and comparing their results. Evenings will offer posters and BCI demonstrations. Foundation support contingent on the success of this proposal will fund students and fellows. Proceedings will be published as peer-reviewed articles in a dedicated issue of IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. This meeting should greatly encourage and facilitate continued BCI research and development.