The 'New Antisemitism': A Historically Informed Case Study Analysis

在2009年12月的一次议会讲话中，本雅明·内塔尼亚胡总理指出了危及以色列国的三大战略威胁：伊朗(核)威胁、[哈马斯]导弹威胁和我称之为金石威胁的威胁。1 2015年，内塔尼亚胡宣布，以色列正在与抵制、撤资和制裁(BDS)运动--一场旨在抹黑其声誉和剥夺我们生存合法性的国际运动--进行一场伟大的斗争。2而鲁文·里夫林总统将BDS描述为“最高程度的战略威胁”。2是什么促使以色列将这些力量确定为战略或生存威胁？这一代表对以色列政治产生了什么后果？这些托辛斯应该被解读为真诚的警告职业，还是由其他担忧驱动的公共外交？这些问题对学者和政治行为者都很重要。前者必须判断这种说法在多大程度上准确反映了以色列官员的信仰，从而解释和预测他们的行为。后者在制定政治战略时必须考虑这些因素。我的博士研究将以内塔尼亚胡列举的四个威胁--伊朗、哈马斯火箭弹、戈德斯通和BDS--为案例，研究以色列话语中的制度性和言外之谈的政治威胁。它将试图就每个案例研究回答三个相互关联的问题：1.以色列官方和媒体话语如何解释和翻译对以色列的外部压力？2.如何在以色列政治辩论中将“生存威胁”作为一种资源部署？3.以色列“生存威胁”话语的体制架构是什么？

In a December 2009 Knesset address, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu identified three major strategic threats imperilling the State of Israel: 'the Iranian [nuclear] threat, the [Hamas] missile threat and a threat I call the Goldstone threat'.1 In 2015, Netanyahu declared that Israel was 'in the midst of a great struggle' against the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) Movement-an 'international campaign to blacken its name' and delegitimise 'our very existence'-while President Reuven Rivlin characterised BDS as a 'strategic threat of the highest degree'.2 What motivated the identification of these forces as strategic or existential threats? What consequences did this representation have for Israeli politics? Should these tocsins be interpreted as sincere professions of alarm or as public diplomacy driven by other concerns? These questions are significant for scholars and political actors alike. The former must judge the extent to which such statements accurately reflect Israeli officials' beliefs and hence account for and predict their behaviour. The latter must consider them when formulating political strategy. My doctoral research will take the four threats cited by Netanyahu-Iran, Hamas rockets, Goldstone, and BDS-as case studies to investigate the institutional and discursive politics of 'existential threat' in Israeli discourse. It will attempt to answer, in respect of each case study, three inter-related questions: 1. How is external pressure on Israel interpreted and translated in Israeli official and media discourse?2. How is 'existential threat' deployed as a resource in Israeli political contestation?3. What is the institutional architecture underpinning 'existential threat' discourse in Israel?