Supported multimetallic nanoparticles containing mixed oxidation states as catalysts

化学品市场需要从其工艺中提高产品特异性（降低废物水平）以及处理低纯度原料的能力。这些增加原料灵活性和增加产品特异性的目标提出了巨大的技术挑战。CCI和JM之间的合作项目使CCI和JM能够获得独特的技能和设备组合，从而能够解决这一挑战，因为CCI和JM在制造具有控制形态（核壳/均质合金）的新型可控含金双金属纳米颗粒结构材料方面拥有丰富的经验。这些协同效应通常使材料表现出高的催化剂反应性。该项目将扩展这一原理，以开发一种金属处于高氧化状态而另一种处于低氧化状态的材料，而不是金属。特别是，这个项目的目的是制备支撑金属纳米粒子，其中金作为氯化物处于低氧化状态或与其他硬和软配体稳定，而第二种金属（铜，镍）处于高氧化状态，并评估它们在无机氧化物或活性炭上支撑时的活性。这些催化剂将进行选择性氧化、H2O2合成和乙炔加氢氯化的测试，以深入了解结构-活性关系以及稳定这些和类似新材料的方法。其目的是开发和利用新的合成方法，以允许控制合成新的纳米颗粒结构，如合金（金属）芯的外壳由高氧化态的金属组成，或低氧化的金属外壳围绕氧化核，甚至开发具有含有氧化物和金属层的同心多重外壳的层状纳米材料。这些新颖的纳米结构将被表征和评价为催化剂，并为一类新的催化剂提供基础。

The chemicals market requires increased product specificity (lower levels of waste products) from its processes as well as the ability to process lower purity feedstocks. These aims of increased feedstock flexibility coupled with increased product specificity presents an enormous technical challenge. This collaborative project between the CCI and JM allows access to a unique combination of skills and equipment that enables this challenge to be addressed since together the CCI and JM have extensive experience to make novel and controlled gold containing supported bi-metallic nanoparticle structured materials with controlled morphology (core-shell / homogeneous alloys). These synergistic effects often give materials displaying high catalyst reactivity. This project will extend this principle to develop materials in which one metal is in a high oxidation state and the other in a low oxidation rather than being metallic. In particular, the aim of this project is to prepare supported metal nanoparticles in which gold is in a low oxidation state as a chloride or stabilised with other hard and soft ligands, and the second metal (copper, nickel) are in high oxidation states and to evaluate their activity when supported on inorganic oxides or activated carbon. The catalysts will be tested for selective oxidation, H2O2 synthesis and acetylene hydrochlorination to generate insights into the structure-activity relationships as well as methodologies to stabilise these and similar novel materials.The aim is to develop and utilise new synthesis procedures to allow the controlled synthesis of new nanoparticle structures such as alloy (metallic) cores with shells consisting of metals in high oxidation states, or low oxidation metallic shells around oxidic cores and even developing layered nanomaterials with concentric multiple shells containing oxide and metallic layers. These novel nanostructures will then be characterised and evaluated as catalysts and provide the basis of a new class of catalysts.