Applying a sociotechnical systems approach to improve cycling safety and increase cycling participation

每10亿英里中有1011名骑自行车的人死亡或严重受伤，而汽车司机只有26人（ROSPA, 2016）。2016年，共有1.8万多名骑自行车者在道路交通事故中受伤，其中死亡或重伤3499人。然而，由于许多轻微到中度的事故没有报告，这个数字可能要高得多（ROSPA, 2016）。典型的自行车事故包括驾车者出现在或穿过骑自行车者的路径，骑自行车者从人行道上骑到车辆的路径或右转到车辆的路径（ROSPA, 2016）。骑自行车者在道路上死亡或严重受伤的人数高得不成比例，人们认为在公路上骑自行车的风险是从事这种形式的积极旅行的障碍。有必要增加积极旅行的流行程度。通过增加骑自行车来减少汽车出行，可能对公共健康有三方面的好处：减少交通事故、减少排放污染和减少肥胖。

1,011 pedal cyclists are killed or seriously injured per billion vehicle miles, compared to 26 car drivers (ROSPA, 2016). In 2016 over 18,000 cyclists were injured in road accidents, including 3,499 who were killed or seriously injured. The figure, however, could be much higher as many minor to moderate accidents go unreported (ROSPA, 2016). Typical cycling accidents include the motorist emerging into, or turning across, the path of the cyclist and cyclists' riding off the pavement into the path of a vehicle or making right turns into the path of a vehicle (ROSPA, 2016). the number of cyclists killed or seriously injured on the roads are disproportionately high and the perceived risk of road cycling is a barrier for engaging in this form of active travel. There is a need to increase the prevalence of active travel. Reducing car travel by increasing cycling has potentially a threefold public health benefit of reducing road accidents, reducing emission pollution and reducing obesity.