Improving the hydrodynamic performance of swimmers during starts and turns

性能运动工程实验室与英国游泳队有着长达9年的合作关系。我们一直是团队的一部分，通过一系列博士生帮助在伦敦和里约奥运会上取得成功。一个重要的问题仍然是如何在比赛的出发和转身阶段最大限度地提高成绩，而不会对水面游泳阶段产生不利影响。在竞技游泳中，任何比赛的水下阶段对整个比赛时间都有重大影响。水下起伏泳技术可以让运动员达到更高的速度，然后在水面上，但增加运动员的疲劳，由于高肌肉负荷，同时屏住呼吸。比赛的开始和转身阶段还结合了复杂的流动物理与潜水进入和转身，其中联合收割机运动员技术与自由表面和池壁的相互作用。了解这些不同因素如何影响人体的表现和整体比赛时间对于减少比赛时间至关重要。

The Performance Sports Engineering Laboratory has had a 9 year partnership supporting the British Swimming team. We have been part of the team that helped provide success at both the London and Rio Olympics through a series of PhD students. One significant question still remains regarding how to maximise the performance during the start and turns phase of a race without adversely affecting the surface swimming phase.Within competitive swimming the underwater phase of any race has a significant impact on the overall race time. The underwater undulating swimming technique can allow athletes to achieve higher speeds then on the surface however increases athlete fatigue due to high muscle loading whilst holding your breath.The start and turns phase of a race also combines complex flow physics associated with the dive entry and turns which combine athlete technique with interactions with the free surface and pool walls. Understanding how each of these different elements affect the performance of the human body and overall race times is essential to minimise race time.