Not all who wander are lost: wanderlust as a psychological driver of international mobility and migration

并非所有流浪者都会迷失：流浪癖是国际流动和移民的心理驱动力

• 批准号: 2110182
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2110182
• 关键词: who; wander; lost; wanderlust; psychological

Humankind has never been more mobile than today. As of 2013 there are more than 4 million students studying abroad - a figure which is expected to rise to 7 million by 2025. According to the limited scientific literature on the psychological underpinnings of such mobility, the majority of these students are neither pushed out of their countries by economic or political forces, nor primarily motivated by strategic career decisions, CV enhancement or academic considerations. However, in the absence of these factors, it is unclear what the main impetus of said mobility is. To answer that question, I propose the introduction of a hitherto overlooked psychological construct: wanderlust. Thereby, I conceptualise wanderlust as a basic personality trait with an emotional state component, that entails a strong motivational outward drive and manifests itself in elevated intended and actual mobility. Across three working packages my PhD sets out to (1)develop a psychometrically sound, extensively validated quantitive wanderlust measure, (2) elucidate the motivational force of wanderlust as a driver of student mobility and link its functioning and underlying processes to prominent frameworks in motivation psychology, such as the satiation cycle and the principle of motivational plasticity, (3) trace back the historical origins of wanderlust in a North American large-scale sample via instrumental variable analysis and relate them to contemporary economic, political and social outcomes.

人类的流动性从未像今天这样强。截至2013年，有超过400万名学生出国留学，预计到2025年这一数字将上升到700万。根据有限的关于这种流动的心理基础的科学文献，这些学生中的大多数既不是被经济或政治力量赶出自己的国家，也不是主要出于战略性职业决策、简历提升或学术考虑。然而，在缺乏这些因素的情况下，目前尚不清楚这种流动性的主要动力是什么。为了回答这个问题，我建议引入一个迄今为止被忽视的心理结构：旅行癖。因此，我将旅行癖定义为一种带有情感状态成分的基本人格特质，它需要一种强烈的动机向外驱动，并表现为提高预期和实际的流动性。在三个工作包中，我的博士计划：(1)开发一种心理测量学上健全的，广泛验证的定量旅行癖测量方法；(2)阐明旅行癖的动机力量是学生流动性的驱动因素，并将其功能和潜在过程与动机心理学中的重要框架联系起来，如满足周期和动机可塑性原则；(3)通过工具变量分析在北美大规模样本中追溯旅行癖的历史起源，并将其与当代经济、政治和社会结果联系起来。