Tracing the nexus between trauma and technology in the modern understanding of political violence

创伤的起源和影响不仅与19世纪世纪的技术发展交织在一起，而且创伤通过技术传播，通常是以一种创伤的方式传播。从无人机袭击，“我也是”标签，或生物识别过滤器，以授予难民身份，创伤和技术是共同构成现代政治暴力是如何当代定义。创伤，通常被认为是我们这个时代的一个典型特征，指的是在一个令人不安的事件之后的一种心理状态，无法通过记忆吸收，它将受害者过去的暴力经历崩溃为一个永恒的现在。在国际关系文献中，关于创伤的研究集中在大规模暴力（如恐怖主义或战争强奸）及其后果对整个社区产生心理影响的方式上，不一定集中在创伤的政治上，而是集中在其心理层面上。因此，技术通常被视为只是增强或增加心理创伤，而不是现代政治暴力形式的共同构成要素。因此，这个项目旨在概念化和经验证据如何共同宪法运作，以界定政治暴力超越其心理模式。该项目从系谱学的角度研究了荣格、海德格尔和施密特的作品中发现的技术与暴力之间的早期联系，试图证明整合技术如何在政治上与创伤共同构成现代政治暴力的形式--无论是性暴力、历史创伤事件的视觉表现、或社交媒体的即时性和无处不在的日常暴力-这已经定义了我们的现代时代精神。

The origins and effects of trauma are not only intertwined with technological developments in the 19th century, but trauma is disseminated through technologies, often in a traumatizing fashion itself. From drone strikes, "me too" hashtags, or biometric filters to grant a refugee status, trauma and technology are co-constituting how modern political violence is contemporarily defined. Trauma, often presented as one of the defining features of our times, refers to a psychic state after a disturbing event, inassimilable through memory, which collapses the victim's violent experience of the past into an ever lasting present. In the International Relations literature, studies on trauma have concentrated on the ways in which mass-scale violence, such as terrorism or war rape, and their consequences, has psychologically affected whole communities, without necessarily concentrating on the politics of trauma, but rather on its psychological dimensions. Technology is then usually seen as only enhancing or increasing psychological trauma rather than a co-constitutive element in forms of modern political violence. This project thus seeks to conceptualize and empirically evidence how this co-constitution operates to define political violence beyond its psychological modalities. Genealogically engaging with the early connections between technology and violence found in the work of Junger, Heidegger, and Schmitt, the project seeks to evidence how integrating technology is politically co-constitutive, with trauma, of forms of modern political violence - whether sexual violence, visual representation of historically traumatic events, or social media immediacy and ubiquity in representing daily violence - that have come to define our modern Zeitgeist.