Abstinence vs. Safe-Sex Education to Middle School Teens

描述(申请人提供)：建议研究的目的是 检查两种主要方法对青少年艾滋病毒教育的有效性 中学环境中的预防和性教育： 只有禁欲(即婚前禁欲)和更安全的性行为(即专注于 关于保护和避免危险性行为的方法)。要做到这一点，一个 将采用综合的、多层次的方法，包括课堂和课堂 指导和正在进行的针对特定群体和全校范围的方案编制，旨在 为学生提供一致、持续的干预信息 好几年了。此外，有针对性地向同行领导、家长、教师和 其他学校官员(即行政人员、辅导员、学校护士)将 包括在内，以增强个人层面的干预效果(DiClemente和 温古德，2000)。我们建议跟踪两组学生(2009届 和2010；n=1800)来自三所不同种族的中学，每所学校 在他们7“‘年级学年(年龄)开始时进入研究队列 12-13)，并跟随他们直到他们的8“年级学年结束。学生 在一所学校将接受禁欲直到结婚(使用手术 纪念品作为核心课程)，另一个课程将收到安全性行为的信息 (使用更安全的选择)，第三所学校将作为不干预 对照组，在一般健康领域接受并行编程 促销(使用Get Connected)。研究的具体目的是(1) 确定短期(6个月)和长期(12个月、18个月) 两种不同干预方式对个体行为的影响 (即，性活动、使用保护措施、参与高危情况)、 以及被认为调节行为变化的认知过程(即， 知识、信念、价值观、自我效能感、预防信念和行为 意图)；(2)探索全面和持续的影响 对学生所感知的与性有关的社会规范进行编程， 教师和其他学校官员；以及(3)探索缓和效应 个人特征(例如，性别、种族、宗教、前性经历 经验、学校出勤率/接触信息)和教师/管理员 特征(例如，对消息的信念、关于以下方面的个人信念 青少年的规范行为、参与和支持 赠款赞助项目)的个人层面的干预效果 认知和行为。多变量分析(路径建模、重复测量 组件)将用于将干预措施与 比较组和相互之间，并考察理论方面的 行为改变模型。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the proposed study is to examine the effectiveness of two major approaches to teaching adolescents HIV prevention and sex education within the middle school environment: abstinence-only (i.e., abstinence until marriage) and safer- sex (i.e., focus on protection and ways to avoid risky sexual encounters). To do so, a comprehensive, multi-level approach will be utilized, including both classroom instruction and ongoing cohort-specific and school-wide programming intended to provide students with a consistent, sustained intervention message for two years. In addition, targeted programming to peer leaders, parents, teachers and other school officials (i.e., administrators, counselors, school nurses) will be included to enhance the individual-level intervention effects (DiClemente & Wingood, 2000). We propose to follow two cohorts of students (classes of 2009 and 2010; n=1800) from three ethnically diverse middle schools, enrolling each cohort into the study at the beginning of their 7"' grade school year (ages 12-13) and following them until the end of their 8" grade school year. Students in one school will receive the abstinence-until-marriage (using Operation Keepsake as the core curriculum), another will receive the safer-sex message (using Safer Choices), and the third school will serve as a non-intervention comparison group, receiving parallel programming in the area of general health promotion (using Get Connected). The specific aims of the study are (1) to determine both the short-term (6 month) and longer-term (12 mo., 18 mo.,) effects of the two different intervention approaches on individual behavior (i.e., sexual activity, use of protection, engagement in high risk situations), and the cognitive processes considered to mediate behavioral change (i.e., knowledge, beliefs, values, self- efficacy, preventive beliefs, and behavioral intentions); (2) to explore the impact of comprehensive and continuous programming on the sexual-related social norms as perceived by students, teachers, and other school officials; and (3) to explore the moderating effects of individual characteristics (e.g., gender, ethnicity, religion, prior sexual experience, school attendance/exposure to message) and teacher/administrator characteristics (e.g., belief in message, personal beliefs in regard to normative behavior of adolescents, involvement in and support of grant-sponsored programs) of the individual-level intervention effects on cognition and behavior. Multivariate analyses (path modeling, repeated measures component of HLM) will be utilized to compare the interventions to the comparison group and to each other, and to examine theoretical aspects of the behavioral change model.