Prostate Cancer Utilities Among African American Men

描述（由申请人提供）：前列腺癌筛查是 争议 美国泌尿外科协会和美国癌症协会 社会建议，筛查应提供给男性每年开始 在50岁或更早的年龄（例如，45岁）的男性高危人群， 比如非洲裔美国人，他们的收入增加了两到三倍， 前列腺癌死亡率 然而，决策分析模型具有 前列腺癌筛查的净效益取决于如何 男性重视治疗的常见副作用（阳痿，失禁， 肠症状），如使用效用评估所测量的。 尽管批评 实用程序对筛选决策的重要性，很少有关于 对治疗副作用的偏好。 候选人会让她 健康状况评价方法的改进与应用研究 用于研究人群的测量，强调非洲农村地区 美国男性探讨种族和年龄特定的政策含义 前列腺癌筛查指南。 该提案的具体目标是：1）调整和试点健康状况 工具，效用评估访谈和民族和 关于前列腺癌的文化信仰，用于农村非洲裔美国人 人群2）评估效用和相关协变量（包括 社会人口统计学、文化信仰和基线前列腺特异性健康）， 一组450名来自公众的男性（225名主要是农村男性）， 非裔美国男性，225名非裔美国男性）和125名医生使用 这些仪器3）分析数据以研究潜在差异 在按组的公用事业中（例如，非裔美国人与非裔美国人， 年轻人与老年人，医生与普通大众中的男性） 在多变量模型中控制这些协变量。 拟定的研究将提供关于患者的新信息 直接适用于卫生政策、生活质量和 成本效益分析。 结果将纳入决策 帮助面临是否接受筛查决定的男性的支助工具 前列腺癌 该提案将为候选人提供关键的新 癌症预防、医学人类学、仪器开发、 多变量统计建模和少数民族心理学。 这 研究将在弗吉尼亚大学的部门进行 华盛顿大学人类学、健康评估科学与医学 和马萨诸塞州总医院。 这些合作将促进 候选人在成果研究的职业生涯，并确保项目的成功。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Screening for prostate cancer is controversial. The American Urological Association and the American Cancer Society recommend that screening should be offered to men annually beginning at age 50 or at an earlier age (e.g., 45 years) for men in high-risk groups, such as African Americans - based on their two to three times increased prostate cancer mortality. However, decision analytic models have demonstrated that the net benefit of prostate cancer screening depends on how men value the common side effects of treatment (impotence, incontinence, and bowel symptoms) as measured using utility assessment. Despite the critical importance of utilities to the screening decision, few data exist regarding preferences for the side effects of treatment. The candidate will focus her research on adapting the methods of health status assessment and utility measurement for use in a research population that emphasizes rural African American men to explore the policy implications of race- and age-specific prostate cancer screening guidelines. Specific aims of this proposal are: 1) to adapt and pilot a health status instrument, utility assessment interview and an interview of ethnic and cultural beliefs regarding prostate cancer for use in a rural African American population 2) to assess utilities and relevant covariates (including sociodemographics, cultural beliefs, and baseline prostate-specific health) in a cohort of 450 men from the general public (225 largely rural African-American men, 225 non-African American men) and 125 physicians using these instruments 3) to analyze the data to investigate potential differences in utilities by group (e.g., African American versus non-African American, younger versus older men, physicians versus men in the general public) controlling for these covariates in a multivariable model. The proposed investigation will contribute new information regarding patient preferences directly applicable to health policy, quality-of-life, and cost-effectiveness analyses. Results will be incorporated into decision support tools to assist men faced with the decision whether to be screened for prostate cancer. The proposal will provide the candidate with critical new skills in cancer prevention, medical anthropology, instrument development, multivariable statistical modeling, and ethnic minority psychology. This research will be performed at the University of Virginia Departments of Anthropology, Health Evaluation Sciences, and Medicine; Washington University and Massachusetts General Hospital. These collaborations will foster the candidate's career in Outcomes Research and ensure the project's success.