ACTIVITY OF BREAST CANCER ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN

描述(申请人的描述)：缺乏临床意义 针对血液或实体肿瘤的免疫反应是 令人震惊。未能产生对肿瘤的免疫力可能是由于 肿瘤不能提呈肿瘤特异性抗原或活性 通过表达的可溶性或细胞表面分子抑制这种反应 由肿瘤引起的。MUC-1是一种细胞表面分子，广泛表达于 腺上皮，已知在乳房内脱落到腔间隙 牛奶。它在腺癌的表面过度表达，并且可以 在癌症患者的血液中发现了循环的。尽管有大量的 在对该分子的描述性研究中，其功能尚不清楚。这个 研究人员的实验室最近显示，细胞表面和可溶的 MUC-1诱导活化的CD4T细胞凋亡。此外，MUC-1 必须与MHC II类分子共表达才能诱导 细胞凋亡。这些数据表明MUC-1具有免疫调节功能 可能被表达它的肿瘤用来抑制对它们的免疫反应。 他们建议同时进行生理学和病理生理学的研究。 MUC-1。他们设计了几种方法来隔离计数器 T细胞上介导MUC-1死亡信号的受体。实验将会 阐明II类分子在MUC-L介导的免疫反应中的作用 细胞凋亡。具体地说，申请者将调查这种可能性 MUC-1以非共价方式与II类异二聚体结合 使人联想到病毒超抗原，但对T细胞有相反的后果 手机。他们还计划专注于这种分子的生理学。他们的 工作假说是MUC-1可能负责维持或 在上皮表面建立免疫耐受，尤其是在 发炎。MUC-1衍生肽的结构显示出一种新的结构 一种二级结构，在植物的脊椎上形成一个重复的“旋钮” 分子。这些“旋钮”也形成了该分子的免疫优势表位。 他们将使用MUC-1衍生多肽进行结构功能研究 和分子的定点突变来确定关系 这些次级基序对免疫调节功能的影响。他们的 初步数据还表明，MUC-1能够在 除了它对T细胞的影响外，这个信号的结果也是 细胞凋亡。因此，MUC-1作为一种新的调节细胞的作用 表示将在磷酸盐之后用免疫沉淀进行探索 贴标签。最后，我们将研究MUC-1的类固醇调节。 乳腺癌和骨髓瘤细胞增强MUC-1清除的努力 在即将到来的MUC-1疫苗接种试验中携带细胞。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Description): The lack of clinically significant immune responses directed against either hematologic or solid tumors is striking. Failure to generate immunity to tumors may be due to the inability of the tumors to present tumor-specific antigens or active inhibition of such responses by soluble or cell surface molecules expressed by the tumors. Muc-1 is a cell surface molecule, expressed widely on glandular epithelium and known to be shed into the lumenal space in breast milk. It is overexpressed on the surface of adenocarcinomas and can be found circulating in the blood of cancer patients. Despite a large number of descriptive studies on this molecule, its function is not known. The investigators' laboratory recently showed that cell surface and soluble forms of Muc-1 induce apoptosis in activated CD4+ T cells. Moreover, Muc-1 must be coexpressed with MHC class II molecules in order for it to induce apoptosis. These data suggest an immunomodulatory function of Muc-1 that may be used by tumors that express it to suppress immune responses to them. They propose to investigate both the physiology and the pathophysiology of Muc-1. They have designed several approaches to isolate the counter receptor on T cells that mediates the Muc-1 death signal. Experiments will be performed that elucidate the role of class II molecules in Muc-l-mediated apoptosis. Specifically, the applicants will investigate the possibility that Muc-1 binds to class II heterodimers in a non-covalent fashion reminiscent of viral superantigens, but with opposite consequences for the T cell. They also plan to focus on the physiology of this molecule. Their working hypothesis is that Muc- 1 may be responsible for maintaining or establishing immune tolerance at an epithelial surface, especially after inflammation. The structure of Muc-1 derived peptides shows a novel secondary structure that forms a repeating "knob" on the backbone of the molecule. These "knobs" also form immunodominant epitope of the molecule. They will perform structure-function studies using Muc-1 derived peptides and site directed mutagenesis of the molecule to determine the relationship of these secondary motifs to the immunomodulatory function. Their preliminary data also suggest Muc-1 is able to transduce a signal in addition to its effect on T cells and that the result of this signal is also apoptosis. Thus, the role of Muc-1 as novel regulatory for the cells that express it will be explored with immunoprecipitation following phosphate labeling. Finally, the steroid regulation of Muc-1 will be studied in both breast cancer and myeloma cells in an effort to augment elimination of Muc-1 bearing cells in upcoming Muc-1 vaccination trials.