BODY COMPOSITION: METHODS, MODEL & CLINICAL APPLICATION

该提案将四个项目和三个核心实验室联系在一起，共同假设先进的身体成分测量方法的应用或创建新的身体成分测量方法将提供新的、临床上重要的生物学见解。本计划项目拨款系列中的第三项，目前的 PPG 以 PPG II 的成功为基础，使用最先进的测量方法、四个新的或改进的设施、四个新的或改进的设施、核心单元内的四个新的或改进的设施（即新的体内中子活化分析 (IVNA)、磁共振成像 (MRI) 分析、生物阻抗分析和区域 40K 计数器；进行了 700 多个受试者横断面和 500 项纵向评估；升级延迟伽马、瞬发伽马和非弹性散射中子激活系统）、先进方法开发（伽马核共振吸收测定法）、对衰老过程、艾滋病毒相关疾病和肥胖的重要见解，以及超过 150 篇已发表的原始报告和评论。 PPG的第三阶段制定了互动项目，重点关注： 1. 先进的骨骼肌方法和方法开发，重点关注儿童、青少年和成人体重增加或减轻； 2. 新报告的艾滋病毒脂肪营养不良综合征及其与没有病毒性疾病的表型相似受试者的关系，在旨在改变代谢状态的干预措施之前和之后； 3. 与接受药物治疗的可比较患者中观察到的结果相比，BMI > 35 小于或等于 40 kg/m2 的 II 型糖尿病受试者中胃肥胖手术对骨骼和骨骼肌的影响； 4. 即使在控制了传统的身体成分测量之后，随着衰老观察到静息能量消耗的降低。这些项目将与两个持续的核心（A，哥伦比亚实验室，B，布鲁克海文国家实验室）和一个新兴的新核心（C，生物统计和数据管理）相互联系和互动，以充分利用 PPG 不断扩大的数据库，并绘制包括身体成分和图像建模在内的新兴趣领域。与哥伦比亚新​​生物医学工程系的密切联系将通过规划成像和核研究以及使用医学院的高场强 Hatch MRI 和正电子发射设施来发展。大量正在开发和计划中的交互将项目的边界扩展到了四个假设驱动的项目之外。该 PPG 旨在广泛扩展测量身体区室的临床和研究能力，以回答重要且普遍的临床问题，并在生物学和工程学之间不断扩大的界面之间架起桥梁。

This proposal ties together four projects and three core laboratories that collectively share the hypothesis that application of advanced, or creation of new, body composition measurement methods will provide new and clinically important biological insights. The third in this series of Program Project Grants, the present PPG builds upon the success of PPG II with over 700 subject cross-sectional and 500 longitudinal evaluations using state-of-the art measurement methods, four new or improved facilities, four new or improved facilities within the core units (i.e., new in vivo Neutron Activation Analysis (IVNA), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Analysis, Bioimpedance Analysis, and Regional 40K Counter; upgrade delayed-gamma, prompt-gamma, and inelastic scattering neutron activation systems), advanced method development (gamma nuclear resonance absorptiometry), important insights into the aging process, HIV-related conditions and obesity, and over 150 published original reports and reviews. The third phase of the PPG is formulated on the interactive projects that are focused on: 1. Advanced skeletal muscle method and method development with a focus on children, adolescents, and adults either gaining or losing body weight; 2. The newly reported HIV-lipodystrophy syndrome and its relationship to phenotypically similar subjects without viral illnesses, both before and after interventions designed to alter metabolic status; 3. The bone and skeletal muscle effects of gastric obesity surgery in type II diabetic subjects with BMI >35 less than or equal too 40 kg/m2 compared to those observed in medically-managed comparable patients; and 4. The lowering of resting energy expenditure observed with aging, even after controlling for conventional body composition measures. The projects will be linked and interact with two continued cores (A, Columbia, Laboratories, and B, Brookhaven National Laboratory) and a new core (C, Biostatistics and Data Management) emerging to fully utilize the PPG's expanding database and to chart new areas of interest including body composition and image modeling. A close tie with Columbia's new Department of Biomedical Engineering will be developed with planning imaging and nuclear studies combined with use of the Medical School's high-field strength Hatch MRI and positron emission facilities. The large number of developing and planned interactions extend the program's boundaries outside of the four- hypothesis driven projects. This PPG aims to broadly extend clinical and research capabilities for measuring body compartments to answer important and prevailing clinical questions and to bridge the expanding interface between biology and engineering.