BODY COMPOSITION: METHODS, MODEL & CLINICAL APPLICATION

这项建议将四个项目和三个核心实验室联系在一起，这些项目和三个核心实验室共同分享这样一种假设，即应用先进的或创造新的身体成分测量方法将提供新的、具有临床重要性的生物学见解。作为这一系列计划项目资助的第三项，目前的PPG建立在PPG II的成功基础上，使用最先进的测量方法进行了700多个对象的横断面和500个纵向评估，四个新的或改进的设施，核心单元内的四个新的或改进的设施(即，新的体内中子激活分析(IVNA)，磁共振成像(MRI)分析，生物阻抗分析，和区域40K计数器；更新延迟伽马、瞬发伽马和非弹性散射中子活化系统)、先进方法开发(伽马核共振吸收法)、对衰老过程、艾滋病毒相关疾病和肥胖的重要见解，以及发表的150多篇原创报告和综述。PPG的第三阶段是在互动项目的基础上制定的，重点是：1.先进的骨骼肌方法和方法的开发，重点是儿童、青少年和成年人体重的增加或减少；2.新报告的艾滋病毒-脂肪营养不良综合征及其与没有病毒疾病的表型相似的受试者的关系，在旨在改变代谢状态的干预措施之前和之后；3.胃肥胖手术对患有BMI和GT的II型糖尿病患者的骨骼和骨骼肌的影响；与医学管理的可比患者相比，35小于或等于40公斤/平方米；4.即使在控制了传统的身体成分测量之后，随着年龄的增长，静息能量消耗也会降低。这些项目将与两个持续的核心(A，哥伦比亚，实验室和B，布鲁克海文国家实验室)和一个新的核心(C，生物统计和数据管理)联系在一起，并与之互动，以充分利用PPG不断扩大的数据库，并绘制新的感兴趣的领域，包括身体成分和图像建模。将与哥伦比亚大学新的生物医学工程系建立密切联系，通过规划成像和核研究，结合使用医学院的高场强Hatch MRI和正电子发射设备。大量正在开发和计划中的交互将项目的边界扩展到四个假设驱动的项目之外。该PPG旨在广泛扩展测量身体隔间的临床和研究能力，以回答重要和普遍的临床问题，并架起生物学和工程学之间不断扩大的接口的桥梁。

This proposal ties together four projects and three core laboratories that collectively share the hypothesis that application of advanced, or creation of new, body composition measurement methods will provide new and clinically important biological insights. The third in this series of Program Project Grants, the present PPG builds upon the success of PPG II with over 700 subject cross-sectional and 500 longitudinal evaluations using state-of-the art measurement methods, four new or improved facilities, four new or improved facilities within the core units (i.e., new in vivo Neutron Activation Analysis (IVNA), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Analysis, Bioimpedance Analysis, and Regional 40K Counter; upgrade delayed-gamma, prompt-gamma, and inelastic scattering neutron activation systems), advanced method development (gamma nuclear resonance absorptiometry), important insights into the aging process, HIV-related conditions and obesity, and over 150 published original reports and reviews. The third phase of the PPG is formulated on the interactive projects that are focused on: 1. Advanced skeletal muscle method and method development with a focus on children, adolescents, and adults either gaining or losing body weight; 2. The newly reported HIV-lipodystrophy syndrome and its relationship to phenotypically similar subjects without viral illnesses, both before and after interventions designed to alter metabolic status; 3. The bone and skeletal muscle effects of gastric obesity surgery in type II diabetic subjects with BMI >35 less than or equal too 40 kg/m2 compared to those observed in medically-managed comparable patients; and 4. The lowering of resting energy expenditure observed with aging, even after controlling for conventional body composition measures. The projects will be linked and interact with two continued cores (A, Columbia, Laboratories, and B, Brookhaven National Laboratory) and a new core (C, Biostatistics and Data Management) emerging to fully utilize the PPG's expanding database and to chart new areas of interest including body composition and image modeling. A close tie with Columbia's new Department of Biomedical Engineering will be developed with planning imaging and nuclear studies combined with use of the Medical School's high-field strength Hatch MRI and positron emission facilities. The large number of developing and planned interactions extend the program's boundaries outside of the four- hypothesis driven projects. This PPG aims to broadly extend clinical and research capabilities for measuring body compartments to answer important and prevailing clinical questions and to bridge the expanding interface between biology and engineering.