Productivity Challenge: the Role of Technology Standards in Innovation and Internationalisation

生产力挑战：技术标准在创新和国际化中的作用

• 批准号: 2271296
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2271296
• 关键词: Productivity; Challenge; Role; Technology; Standards

Technological innovation is a key driver of productivity. The apparently weaker productivity growthexperienced in the UK (and some European countries) vis-à-vis North America has been linked to slowerdiffusion in Information Communication Technologies (ICT) and the lack of uptake of digitisationopportunities uniformly across economic sectors.Technology standards play a significant role in technology diffusion with important implications forinnovation, internationalisation and attendant productivity growth. A recent study commissioned by theBritish Standards Institution (BSI) and the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS)suggests that standards supported 37% of UK annual labour productivity growth over the 1921-2013 period(i.e., approximately 28% of annual GDP growth). Recent academic research has also highlighted theimportance of developing open technology standards as a spur to productivity, innovation and firmprofitability. However, business-level mechanisms underlying the standards-productivity relationshipremain a black box - a gap this research seeks to address by considering two predominant channels wherebylearning from standards can enable performance gains, viz. by catalysing innovation and internationalisationactivities.This PhD project will offer novel insight into standards and technology-led productivity growth, which is acomplex interplay between many distinct influences including innovative inputs, knowledge diffusion,market incentives, economic geography and institutional governance. Working closely with Dr Li and ProfBattisti, the PhD candidate will conduct a comprehensive literature review and econometric analyses,drawing on large-scale secondary firm-level datasets such as the UK Innovation Survey (and other microbusiness datasets via the Secure Research Service by ONS). This project will also use the Searle CentreDatabase on Technology Standards and Standard Setting Organisations - the most comprehensive dataseton standards and firm participation in standards development collected by the Northwestern University (US)(Baron and Spulber, 2018), as well as data on intellectual property such as patents and trademarks. Finally,this project will be carried out in close collaboration with BSI, the UK's national standards body, to yieldsignificant governance or policy implications for designing effective standards which expedite the diffusionof technologies to boost firm performance.The PhD project will provide a significant contribution to the academic literature. It is also anticipated toachieve high impact and wider engagement with business practices (via a deeper understanding ofefficiency gains through learning from standards) and policy bodies (via productivity growth andgovernance of standards development).

技术创新是生产力的关键驱动力。与北美相比，英国(和一些欧洲国家)的生产率增长明显较弱，这与信息通信技术(ICT)的传播速度较慢以及各经济部门缺乏统一的数字化机会有关。技术标准在技术传播中发挥着重要作用，对创新、国际化和随之而来的生产率增长具有重要影响。英国标准协会(BSI)和商业、能源和工业策略部(BEIS)最近委托进行的一项研究表明，在1921-2013年期间，标准支持了英国年劳动生产率增长的37%(即约占年GDP增长的28%)。最近的学术研究也强调了开发开放技术标准的重要性，以此来刺激生产率、创新和企业盈利。然而，标准-生产率关系背后的业务层面机制主要是一个黑匣子--本研究试图通过考虑两个主要渠道来解决这一差距，在这两个渠道中，向标准学习可以实现绩效提升，即。通过催化创新和国际化活动。这个博士项目将提供对标准和技术引领的生产率增长的新见解，这是许多不同影响之间的复杂相互作用，包括创新投入、知识传播、市场激励、经济地理和制度治理。这位博士生将与李博士和巴蒂斯蒂教授密切合作，利用英国创新调查(UK Innovation Survey)等大型二级企业层面的数据(以及通过英国国家统计局安全研究服务(Secure Research Service)提供的其他微型企业数据)，进行全面的文献回顾和计量分析。该项目还将使用Searle Center技术标准和标准制定组织数据库--西北大学(美国)收集的最全面的标准数据集和公司参与标准开发的数据(Baron和SPulber，2018)，以及专利和商标等知识产权数据。最后，该项目将与英国国家标准机构BSI密切合作，以产生重大的治理或政策影响，以设计有效的标准，加快技术的传播，提高公司业绩。该博士项目将对学术文献做出重大贡献。预计它还将产生重大影响并更广泛地参与商业实践(通过更深入地了解通过学习标准获得的效率)和政策机构(通过提高生产力和治理标准发展)。