Pest Control for the 21st Century: Integrating Biological Approaches for the Management of Crop Pests

随着对化学农药的环境影响的日益关注，以及由于环境立法而导致许多活性成分的可用性降低，迫切需要开发用于害虫控制的化学品的创新的、环境友好的替代品。这些包括新的商业产品和配方（如生物农药和化学信息素），以及更传统或创新的环境操作，以增强天然生物控制剂（如花缘和冬季避难所）。该项目旨在整合两种方法，以确定两种方法是否存在协同作用、拮抗作用或冗余，重点是田间作物的鳞翅目、鞘翅目和半翅目害虫的管理，其中包括一些主要的英国常驻和迁飞作物害虫（如小菜蛾、萝卜蛾、跳甲、叶甲、各种蚜虫）。具体而言，本项目将解决以下问题：1）在全球范围内，哪些环境友好的虫害防治方法被证明是最有效的？2)为鼓励作物害虫的天敌而进行的景观改造是否能与商业性非化学防治办法一样有效？3)当商业和非商业生物控制方案结合起来时，它们会产生协同效应、对抗作用还是冗余？

With increasing concerns over the environmental impact of chemical pesticides, as well as the reduced availability of many active ingredients due to environmental legislation, there is a pressing need to develop innovative, environmentally-friendly alternatives to chemicals for pest control. These include novel commercial products and formulations (e.g. biopesticides and semiochemicals), as well as more traditional or innovative environmental manipulations to enhance natural biological control agents (e.g. floral margins and winter refuges). This project aims to integrate both approaches to determine whether there are synergies, antagonisms or redundancies in the two approaches, focusing on the management of lepidopteran, coleopteran and hemipteran pests of field crops, which include some of the major UK resident and migratory crop pests (e.g. diamondback moth, turnip moth, flea beetle, leaf beetle, various aphid species).Specifically, this project will address the following questions:1) Globally, which environment-friendly pest control methods have proved most effective?2) Can landscape manipulations to encourage the natural enemies of crop pests be as effective as commercial non-chemical control options?3) When commercial and non-commercial biocontrol options are combined, do they generate synergies, antagonisms or redundancies?