Center for African American Urban Health

非裔美国人城市健康中心

• 批准号: 6657192
• 负责人: John Mark Flack
• 金额: $ 126.68万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-18 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6657192
• 关键词: African American; cardiovascular disorder risk; clinical research; disease /disorder prevention /control; health disparity; human subject; obesity

The Wayne State University (WSU) Center for African American Urban Health is a 5-year proposal that consists of five Cores and four Projects with participation of 34 investigators from various Departments, Centers, and Programs across the WSU campus. The Center has invested heavily in coalescing and expanding a shared research infrastructure that is widely accessible to investigators. The four Cores represent specialized areas of expertise and services required to undertake testing of multi-level hypotheses related to research in racial health disparities. These Cores form the foundation of our application. The Cores are: 1) Psychosocial and Community Measures; 2) Recruitment and Clinical Assessment; 3) Biostatistics and Research Database; and 4) Genomics Core. These Cores allow the investigators to test a broader range of Project-specific study hypotheses in a more cost-efficient manner than would be possible with stand-alone Projects. African Americans were selected as the exclusive study population for the Center because of their high burden of obesity-related disease such as breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease). Also, while Detroit has the third largest population of African Americans, it has the highest percentage (81.6%) of African Americans of any major city in the USA. The four Projects are: 1) Project 1: Obesity, Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress and Salt Sensitivity, 2) Project 2: Weight Loss in Breast Cancer Survivors, 3) Project 3: A Dyadic Intervention for Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients, and 4) Project 4: Promotion of Healthy Behavior in African American Women. These Projects are thematically linked through obesity, diet and other lifestyle factors including physical activity, and obesity-related cardiovascular disease and cancer. Our research efforts are focused on understanding the mechanisms operating at multiple levels (environment, lifestyle, physiology, genetics) mediating known disparate chronic conditions and their precursors. We also seek to identify preventive strategies and therapeutic approaches that might alleviate the disproportionate burden of disease. Primary as well as interactive effects of environmental exposures (household and community-level) and psychobehavioral characteristics with physiological measures (e.g., 24-hour BP burden and oxidative stress), genes, and body composition will be explored in relation to their impact on study outcomes.

韦恩州立大学(WSU)非裔美国人城市健康中心是一项为期5年的计划，由五个核心和四个项目组成，来自WSU校园内不同部门、中心和项目的34名研究人员参与其中。该中心已投入巨资合并和扩大可供调查人员广泛使用的共享研究基础设施。这四个核心是对与种族健康差距研究有关的多层次假设进行检验所需的专门知识和服务的专门领域。这些核心构成了我们应用程序的基础。核心是：1)心理社会和社区测量；2)招募和临床评估；3)生物统计和研究数据库；4)基因组学核心。这些核心使研究人员能够以比独立项目更具成本效益的方式测试更广泛的特定于项目的研究假设。非洲裔美国人被选为该中心的独家研究人群，因为他们患有与肥胖相关的疾病，如乳腺癌和心血管疾病(高血压、心力衰竭、糖尿病和冠心病)。此外，虽然底特律拥有第三大非裔美国人人口，但它的非裔美国人比例(81.6%)是美国所有大城市中最高的。这四个项目是：1)项目1：肥胖、一氧化氮、氧化应激和盐敏感性；2)项目2：乳腺癌幸存者的体重减轻；3)项目3：心脏康复患者的二元干预；4)项目4：促进非裔美国女性的健康行为。这些项目通过肥胖、饮食和包括体力活动在内的其他生活方式因素以及与肥胖相关的心血管疾病和癌症等主题联系在一起。我们的研究努力集中于了解在多个水平上(环境、生活方式、生理、遗传学)调节已知的不同慢性病及其前驱疾病的机制。我们还寻求确定可能减轻不成比例的疾病负担的预防战略和治疗方法。将探讨环境暴露(家庭和社区层面)和心理行为特征与生理指标(例如，24小时血压负担和氧化应激)、基因和身体成分之间的主要和交互影响，以探讨它们对研究结果的影响。