Center for African American Urban Health

韦恩州立大学（WSU）非裔美国人城市健康中心是一项为期5年的提案，由五个核心和四个项目组成，来自WSU校园各个部门、中心和项目的34名研究人员参与。该中心在整合和扩展一个可供研究人员广泛使用的共享研究基础设施方面投入了大量资金。这四个核心代表了对与种族健康差异研究有关的多层次假设进行检验所需的专门知识和服务领域。这些核心构成了我们应用程序的基础。核心是：1)社会心理和社区措施；2)招募及临床评估；3)生物统计学与研究数据库；4) Genomics Core。这些核心使研究人员能够以比独立项目更经济有效的方式测试更广泛的项目特定研究假设。非裔美国人被选为该中心的独家研究人群，因为他们患肥胖相关疾病的负担较高，如乳腺癌和心血管疾病（高血压、心力衰竭、糖尿病和冠心病）。此外，尽管底特律拥有第三大非洲裔美国人，但它的非洲裔美国人比例（81.6%）是美国所有主要城市中最高的。这四个项目是：1)项目1：肥胖、一氧化氮、氧化应激和盐敏感性；2)项目2：乳腺癌幸存者的体重减轻；3)项目3：心脏康复患者的双重干预；4)项目4：促进非裔美国妇女的健康行为。这些项目通过肥胖、饮食和其他生活方式因素（包括体育活动）以及与肥胖相关的心血管疾病和癌症在主题上联系在一起。我们的研究工作集中在了解在多个层面（环境，生活方式，生理，遗传学）介导已知的不同慢性疾病及其前体的机制。我们还设法确定预防战略和治疗办法，以减轻不成比例的疾病负担。环境暴露（家庭和社区水平）、心理行为特征与生理测量（如24小时血压负荷和氧化应激）、基因和身体组成的主要和相互作用将被探讨，以确定它们对研究结果的影响。

The Wayne State University (WSU) Center for African American Urban Health is a 5-year proposal that consists of five Cores and four Projects with participation of 34 investigators from various Departments, Centers, and Programs across the WSU campus. The Center has invested heavily in coalescing and expanding a shared research infrastructure that is widely accessible to investigators. The four Cores represent specialized areas of expertise and services required to undertake testing of multi-level hypotheses related to research in racial health disparities. These Cores form the foundation of our application. The Cores are: 1) Psychosocial and Community Measures; 2) Recruitment and Clinical Assessment; 3) Biostatistics and Research Database; and 4) Genomics Core. These Cores allow the investigators to test a broader range of Project-specific study hypotheses in a more cost-efficient manner than would be possible with stand-alone Projects. African Americans were selected as the exclusive study population for the Center because of their high burden of obesity-related disease such as breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease). Also, while Detroit has the third largest population of African Americans, it has the highest percentage (81.6%) of African Americans of any major city in the USA. The four Projects are: 1) Project 1: Obesity, Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress and Salt Sensitivity, 2) Project 2: Weight Loss in Breast Cancer Survivors, 3) Project 3: A Dyadic Intervention for Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients, and 4) Project 4: Promotion of Healthy Behavior in African American Women. These Projects are thematically linked through obesity, diet and other lifestyle factors including physical activity, and obesity-related cardiovascular disease and cancer. Our research efforts are focused on understanding the mechanisms operating at multiple levels (environment, lifestyle, physiology, genetics) mediating known disparate chronic conditions and their precursors. We also seek to identify preventive strategies and therapeutic approaches that might alleviate the disproportionate burden of disease. Primary as well as interactive effects of environmental exposures (household and community-level) and psychobehavioral characteristics with physiological measures (e.g., 24-hour BP burden and oxidative stress), genes, and body composition will be explored in relation to their impact on study outcomes.