AN ALCOHOL MYOPIA EXPLANATION OF AGGRESSION

(修订) 描述(申请人提供)：本次重新申请的目的是扩大研究酒精对判决的影响的调查范围。我们建议进行一项实验室研究，让年轻的成年男性在第一次观看一对夫妇之间的视频互动 然后就情节中的男子对攻击行为的可接受性作出判断。在观看录像带之前，参与者将被随机分配到四种酒精条件中的一种(无、安慰剂、低度和中度)。情境中的隐性和显性刺激在每种情况下都会有所不同，以影响某些特征的突出程度，其中 预期结果是参与者对攻击的接受水平发生了相应的变化。 目前建议的主要目标是： 1.部分复制了我们实验室之前在本科生男性中进行的一项研究，该研究表明，参与者喝得越醉，就越能接受对行为模棱两可的女性的攻击。我们推测，参与者在模棱两可的情况下的偏见和刻板印象，加上他的醉酒，导致了对这些显著特征的更多和唯一的关注。 2.通过测试酒精近视对我们的发现的解释，以及通常假设的酒精对攻击性影响的一般去抑制模型，扩展了之前的研究。我们建议测试从这两个模型得出的差异预测。如果醉酒只是抑制攻击性，那么暴露在谴责攻击性的明确信息中应该没有什么不同的效果，而被给予较高剂量酒精的参与者最有可能接受攻击性的想法。或者，如果酒精近视是醉酒参与者接受攻击行为的一个重要决定因素，那么接触到谴责攻击行为的明确信息将产生与直觉相反的效果，使处于该条件下的高剂量参与者最不可能接受攻击行为。 3.探索两个个人内部调节变量的重要性，这两个变量在之前的研究中已经被证明可以预测对女性的攻击性：对人际暴力的接受和对统治的需要；以及一个变量，对酒精的期望，可能会缓解酒精近视的影响。

(Revised) DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this Re-Application is to expand a line of investigation studying the effects of alcohol on judgment. We propose to conduct a laboratory study in which young adult males will view a videotaped interaction between a couple on a first date and then make judgments regarding the acceptability of aggression by the man in the scenario. Before viewing the videotape, participants will be randomly assigned to one of four alcohol conditions (none, placebo, low and moderate). The implicit and explicit stimuli in the situation will vary in each condition to affect the salience of certain characteristics, with the expected result being corresponding changes in the participants' level of acceptance of aggression. The key objectives of the current proposal are to: 1. Partially replicate a previous study in our laboratory with undergraduate males showing that the more intoxicated the participant, the greater his acceptance of aggression towards a woman whose behavior was ambiguous. We speculated that the participants' biases and stereotypes in the ambiguous situation, coupled with his intoxication, led to an increased and exclusive focus on these salient characteristics. 2. Extend the previous research by testing an alcohol myopia explanation of our finding versus a commonly assumed general disinhibition model of alcohol's effects on aggression. We propose to test differential predictions that follow from the two models. If intoxication merely disinhibits aggression, exposure to a clear message condemning aggression should have little differential effect and the participants given the higher dose of alcohol would be MOST likely to accept the idea of aggression. Alternately, if alcohol myopia is an important determining factor in the intoxicated participant's acceptance of aggression, then exposure to a clear message condemning aggression would have the counter-intuitive effect of making the higher dose participants in that condition the LEAST likely of all to accept aggression. 3. Explore the importance of two intrapersonal moderating variables that have been shown in prior research to predict aggression against women: acceptance of interpersonal violence and need for dominance; and one variable, expectations regarding alcohol, that may moderate alcohol myopia effects.